Unit 9

One impact of railroads on the development of Texas was —

• a rush of northern merchants to establish new trading depots in West Texas

• the growth of shipping along the Mississippi River and to the port of New Orleans

• an ability to ship Texas goods and agricultural products to markets across the United States

• the relocation of the chief Texas seaport away from Galveston Island and to the Houston area

How did building railroads change Texas?

• Cars were used less.

• Farmers lost their land.

• Cities like Dallas grew bigger.

• People moved away from Texas.

In what way did the building the forts shown in the map affect the American Indians in Texas?

• Conflicts between American Indians and soldiers erupted.

• American soldiers herded the buffalo into fenced ranches.

• Railroads were built to connect the forts to one another.

• American Indians were taught how to farm by the soldiers.

How did the Red River War change life for American Indian groups in Texas?

• They gained legal protections in court.

• They converted to farming and ranching.

• They no longer roamed along the plains freely.

• They were enslaved for work on southern plantations.

In what way did the loss of the buffalo effect life for American Indians in Texas?

• American Indians migrated to west Texas.

• Many American Indians took jobs as cowboys.

• Disease spread in American Indian communities.

• American Indians lost a source for food and clothing.

The city of Fort Worth was originally established as —

• a boom town for workers in oil fields in North Texas

• a mission to convert American Indians to Catholicism

• a trading depot for cattle drives to New England states

• an army outpost for removing Indian groups in West Texas

Many ranchers in arid regions of West Texas adapt to the lack of water by —

• erecting windmills

• constructing pipelines

• planting native trees

• building dams on rivers

Why did most settlers in Texas welcome railroad tracks crossing the vast territory of the state?

• Many seaports lacked the capacity to handle live cattle for shipping.

• Railroads reduced the need for the fencing that restricted cattle drives.

• Horses did not adapt well to the climate and that resulted in slow travel.

• Most rivers were shallow and flooded easily and that made trade difficult.

In what way did the introduction of barbed wire fences change the frontier of Texas?

• More farmers moved to West Texas.

• Open range ranching came to an end.

• Routes for railroads were easier to plan.

• Buffalo herds died trying to jump fences.

Which invention is pictured above?

• Barbed wire

• Radio antenna

• Telephone line

• Telegraph cable