Understanding Capitalism Through History

What does capitalism primarily focus on in terms of economic activity?

• Central planning of the economy

• State ownership of resources

• Innovation and investment to increase wealth

• Equal distribution of wealth

What was a global phenomenon before the 17th century, involving borrowing money to finance trade?

• Feudalism

• Mercantile capitalism

• Industrial capitalism

• Socialism

What was one of the agricultural improvements that led to increased productivity in Britain?

• Crop rotation and nitrogen-fixing crops

• Genetically modified crops

• Use of chemical fertilizers

• Large-scale irrigation

According to the video, what percentage of the English population worked in agriculture by 1850?

• 25%

• 36%

• 50%

• 80%

Which country first developed industrial capitalism in the 19th century?

• Germany

• France

• The United States

• Britain

What did the process of enclosure lead to in Britain?

• None of the above

• Increased agricultural productivity

• Decrease in tenant farmers' livelihoods

• Both A and B

Who were the two branches of socialism in France associated with?

• Comte de Saint Simon and Charles Fourier

• Adam Smith and David Ricardo

• Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

• Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin

What concept did Marx introduce to explain the dynamics between different social classes?

• The invisible hand

• The labor theory of value

• Supply and demand

• Class struggle

What is the primary criticism of capitalism according to Karl Marx?

• It ensures equal distribution of resources

• It replaces collaboration with conflict

• It leads to a monopoly over the means of production

• It encourages innovation and efficiency

What does the ongoing competition between socialism and capitalism in modern society primarily concern?

• Globalization

• Regulation of free markets

• Cultural values

• Technological advancements