Womens inclusion

Out of 130 peace agreements studied between 1990 and 2014, how many were signed by women?

• 13

• 22

• 16

• 74

• Who does the article refer to when giving an example of linkage?

• Luz Mendez

• George Washington

• Male Combatants

• Civil Society

• Women more likely to receive access to peace negotiations in conflicts that may be more predisposed to a durable negotiated settlement? 

• True

• False

• Women’s participation in conflict resolution processes remained

• Steady

• High

• Low

Women are mostly mitigated to participate in militant organizations by

• • personal motivations

• material inducements

• politics

Women become more central to an organization as they constitute a critical mass

• True

• False

What are the 3 proposed and tested mechanisms operating in discourse during peacekeeping that Kostovicova uses to explain the lack of women’s influence despite their broadly equal representation

• Delegation, Enlightenment, Decentering

• Deliberation, Emboldening, Decentering

• Delegation, Emboldening, Delivery

• Deliberation, Enlightenment, Decentering

• The study of gender-just peace can benefit from engaging with the scholarship on political representation and communication that examines the gap between women’s _________ and ________ representation.

• • Symbolic and Tokenistic

• Passive and Active

• Descriptive and Substantial

• Vocal and Empathetic

• To help verify the puzzle of women’s representation and influence in peacemaking, what 3 levels did Kostovicova distinguish for a more robust measure of women’s representation in peacemaking?

• • Political Power, Social Status, and Economic Influence

• • Public Perception, Media Coverage, and Policy Implementation

• • Number of Female Attendants, Token Participation, and Decorative Inclusion

• Physical Presence, Representation in Taking the Floor, and Participation in Argumentation

Participants in peace processes are generally selected based on four things:

• • Political affiliation, military experience, negotiation skills, and cultural background 

• • Reliability, education, personal appeal, and third-Party association

• • Language proficiency, previous diplomatic experience, knowledge of international law, and problem-solving abilities 

• • Familiarity with the conflict region, understanding of local customs and traditions, networking abilities, and emotional intelligence