Honors Bio Protein Synthesis Assessment

A scientist wants to prevent a culture of live cells from producing a particular protein. Which of the following will the scientist most likely modify to prevent the production of the protein?

• The DNA in the nucleus
• The enzymes in the lysosomes
• The polysaccharide in the cytoplasm
• The phospholipids in the plasma membrane

The diagram below shows a process that occurs in cells. This process is called...

• DNA replication
• Transcription
• Translation
• Mutation

Specific DNA sequences called "promoters" provide binding site for the enzyme that synthesizes mRNA. These are involved directly in which process?

• DNA replication
• Transcription
• Translation
• None of the above

The diagram represents a chain of amino acids. The different shapes represent different amino acids. A scientist wants to produce a single strand of DNA that codes for this amino acid chain. How many nucleotides will be in the DNA that the scientist produces?

• 5 nucleotides
• 6 nucleotides
• 12 nucleotides
• 18 nucleotides

Which of the following statements best describes how an mRNA sequence specifies the production of an amino acid chain?

• Each individual mRNA base codes for a single amino acid
• Each group of three mRNA bases codes for an enzyme that helps join amino acids together.
• Each group of three mRNA bases codes for a single amino acid.
• Each individual mRNA base codes for three amino acids.

A scientist inserts the luciferase (means: light enzyme) gene into the DNA of the cells from another organism. If these cells produce light, the scientist knows that which of the following occurred?

• The luciferase gene mutated inside the cells.
• The luciferase gene was transcribed and translated accurately.
• The luciferase gene destroyed the original genes of the cells.
• The luciferase gene moved form the nucleus to the ER.

Ribosomes are made of …

• mRNA
• protein
• rRNA
• tRNA

Identify which applies to DNA ONLY. (3 options)

• Single Strand

• Double Strand

• Deoxyribose

• Ribose

• Thymine

Identify which applies to RNA ONLY. (2 options)

• Single Strand

• Double Strand

• Deoxyribose

• Ribose

• Thymine

Part A: Determine the DNA sequences from which this mRNA sequence was transcribed.

mRNA: AUG UCU GAU UGG UAC

• DNA: AUG UCU GAU UGG UAC

• DNA: TAC AGA CTA ACC ATG

• DNA: CAT AGA ATC CCA GTA

• DNA: UAC AGA CUA ACC AUG