Genetics Quiz

What is genetics concerned with the study of?

• The study of cells and their functions

• The study of tissues and organs

• The study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms

• The study of diseases and their causes

Who is Gregor Mendel and what is he known for in the field of genetics?

• A scientist known for discovering the structure of DNA

• A mathematician who calculated the probability of genetic inheritance

• A biologist who discovered the process of natural selection

• A scientist who discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance through his work on pea plants

What does fertilization refer to in the context of genetics?

• The process of creating genetic mutations in organisms

• The division of a single cell into two identical daughter cells

• The fusion of haploid gametes, egg and sperm, to form the diploid zygote

• The replication of genetic material within a cell

What is a trait?

• A distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.

• The phenomenon of one variant of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome.

• A distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.

• Used to predict the chance of gametes and offspring having certain alleles.

What does "Dominant" refer to in genetics?

• A distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.

• The phenomenon of one variant of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome.

• The phenomenon of one variant of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome.

• Used to predict the chance of gametes and offspring having certain alleles.

What is a recessive gene?

• A gene that can be masked by a dominant gene.

• The phenomenon of one variant of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome.

• A distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.

• Used to predict the chance of gametes and offspring having certain alleles.

To express a trait that is governed by a recessive gene, such as blue eyes, what must occur?

• You must get the gene for blue eyes from one parent.

• You must get the gene for blue eyes from both parents.

• You must have a dominant gene for blue eyes.

• You must have a combination of both dominant and recessive genes for blue eyes.

What is probability used for in genetics?

• To determine the distinguishing qualities or characteristics of a person.

• To predict the chance of gametes and offspring having certain alleles.

• To identify which gene is dominant and which is recessive.

• To mask the effect of a recessive gene with a dominant gene.

What is a monohybrid cross?

• A cross between two organisms with different variations at two genetic chromosomes of interest.

• A cross between two organisms with different variations at one genetic chromosome of interest.

• The offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different breeds, varieties, species or genera through sexual reproduction.

• One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

What is the phenotypic ratio resulting from a dihybrid cross as shown in the image?

• 9:3:3:1

• 3:1

• 1:2:1

• 9:3:1