Cardiac Nursing

Ava has been feeling unwell lately and visited her doctor. Based on her symptoms, the doctor suspects heart failure. What symptoms might Ava have described to her doctor?

• Increased appetite

• Decreased heart rate

• Improved ability to exercise

• Shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling, persistent coughing or wheezing, increased heart rate, reduced ability to exercise

During a health fair at the community center, Nurse Benjamin is asked to name three types of medications commonly used in cardiac nursing.

• statins

• diuretics

• antibiotics

• antiplatelets, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors

During a health fair at the local community center, Liam, a nursing student, is demonstrating how to interpret a normal sinus rhythm on an EKG. What should he explain as the correct interpretation?

• PR interval 0.20-0.30s

• Irregular heartbeat with rate 60-100 bpm

• Regular heartbeat with rate 60-100 bpm, P wave before each QRS complex, PR interval 0.12-0.20s, QRS complex duration <0.12s, normal QT interval

• P wave after each QRS complex

During a routine check-up, what are the key components of a cardiac assessment that Dr. Smith should perform on Ethan?

• Lifestyle counseling, laboratory tests, imaging studies

• Family history evaluation, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram

• History taking, physical examination, diagnostic tests, monitoring vital signs

• Blood pressure measurement, dietary assessment, medication review

Why is patient education important in cardiac nursing?

• Knowledge about heart conditions is not relevant for patients

• Patient education is important in cardiac nursing to empower patients with knowledge about their condition, treatment plans, and lifestyle modifications.

• Patients should figure out their treatment plans on their own

• Patient education in cardiac nursing is unnecessary

Imagine Priya is a nurse tasked with inserting a central venous catheter for a patient. Describe the procedure she should follow.

• Prepare the patient, gather supplies, choose insertion site, clean area, numb site, insert catheter, confirm placement, secure catheter, dress site.

• Insert catheter before numbing the site

• Do not confirm placement

• Skip cleaning the area

Imagine Noah has been diagnosed with heart failure. His doctor suggests starting a medication regimen that includes ACE inhibitors. What is the role of these inhibitors in managing Noah's condition?

• ACE inhibitors help dilate blood vessels, reduce blood pressure, decrease the workload on the heart, improve cardiac function, and reduce heart failure symptoms.

• ACE inhibitors are used to treat respiratory conditions instead of heart failure.

• ACE inhibitors increase blood pressure and worsen heart failure symptoms.

• ACE inhibitors have no impact on heart failure management.

Imagine Samuel, a medical student, is reviewing an EKG of a patient who was rushed to the ER with chest pain. What EKG changes would Samuel expect to see if the patient was experiencing a myocardial infarction?

• ST-segment elevation

• QRS complex widening

• T-wave inversion

• P-wave amplitude increase

During a community health fair, nurse Mason is assessing Isla for signs of heart failure. How can Mason check for peripheral edema in Isla?

• Measure blood pressure in the affected limb

• Listen for abnormal heart sounds

• Check for swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet. Press on the swollen area to check for pitting edema.

• Check for swelling in the arms and hands

After starting beta-blockers for his cardiac condition, James notices some changes. What are the potential side effects he might be experiencing?

• Fatigue, dizziness, low blood pressure, worsening of heart failure symptoms

• Nausea, headache, high blood pressure