Cells

What is the basic structural unit of all living organisms?

• cell

• molecule

• gene

• atom

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

• Golgi apparatus

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Ribosomes

• Mitochondria

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Explain the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells are larger in size compared to eukaryotic cells.

• Eukaryotic cells are unicellular organisms, whereas prokaryotic cells are multicellular.

• The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the presence of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells, which are absent in prokaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells lack these structures.

How do cells maintain homeostasis?

• By consuming excessive amounts of nutrients, water, and oxygen.

• Through photosynthesis, respiration, and mitosis.

• Through uncontrolled cell division, mutation, and apoptosis.

• Through processes like osmoregulation, temperature regulation, and pH balance.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is the function of the cell membrane?

• Stores genetic information

• Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

• Helps in photosynthesis

• Regulates body temperature

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Describe the structure of a cell membrane.

• The cell membrane is a rigid structure with no flexibility

• The cell membrane is a single layer of proteins

• The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

• The cell membrane is made of carbohydrates only

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

• Production of energy for cellular activities

• Storage of waste materials in the cell

• Control center of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA) and regulating gene expression.

• Regulation of cell shape and structure

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Explain the process of cellular transport.

• Cellular transport is a one-time event in the life of a cell.

• The process of cellular transport includes passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and endocytosis/exocytosis.

• Cellular transport is only necessary for plant cells.

• The process of cellular transport involves photosynthesis and respiration.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-2

How do cells communicate with each other?

• Visual cues

• Electrical signals

• Sound waves

• Chemical signals

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NGSS.HS-LS2-3

What are the different types of cellular transport mechanisms?

• Simple diffusion and filtration

• Endocytosis and exocytosis

• Facilitated diffusion and osmosis

• Passive transport and active transport