Biology Quiz: Codons, Proteins, and DNA vs. RNA

What are the groups of three nucleotides on mRNA called?

• Anticodons

• Introns

• Exons

• Codons

What does each codon specify?

• A specific protein

• A particular amino acid

• A lipid molecule

• A carbohydrate structure

What acts like a dictionary in translating codon sequences into amino acid sequences?

• Codon chart

• rRNA

• tRNA

• mRNA

What are proteins built from?

• Nucleotides

• Amino acids

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

What determines the structure and function of a protein?

• The order of nucleotides

• The type of DNA

• The order of amino acids

• The type of RNA

What are proteins essential for in cellular processes?

• Storing genetic information

• Building tissues

• Cell division

• Energy production

Which of the following is a key difference between DNA and RNA in terms of structure?

• DNA is single-stranded, RNA is double-stranded

• DNA has ribose sugar, RNA has deoxyribose sugar

• DNA has nitrogenous bases A, G, C, U

• DNA is located in the cytoplasm, RNA is located in the nucleus

Where is RNA primarily located?

• Mitochondria

• Cytoplasm

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Nucleus

Which nitrogenous base is present in RNA but not in DNA?

• Uracil

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Adenine

What is the base pairing in RNA that replaces A-T in DNA?

• G-T

• C-G

• A-C

• A-U