DNA discovery and DNA replication

What was the conclusion of the Hershey Chase Experiment?

• Lipids are the genetic material in viruses

• Proteins are the genetic material in viruses

• RNA is the genetic material in viruses

• DNA is the genetic material in viruses

Answer explanation

The Hershey Chase Experiment is known for proving that DNA is the genetic material in viruses, not proteins, lipids, or RNA.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What is the basic building block of DNA?

• Chromosome

• Protein

• Cell

• Nucleotide

Answer explanation

The basic building block of DNA is a nucleotide, which consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Nucleotides are the monomers that make up DNA strands.

Which type of sugar is found in RNA?

• glucose

• sucrose

• fructose

• ribose

Answer explanation

The correct type of sugar found in RNA is ribose, not glucose, sucrose, or fructose.

What is the process by which DNA makes an exact copy of itself?

• Cell division

• RNA replication

• Protein synthesis

• DNA replication

Answer explanation

DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes an exact copy of itself, ensuring genetic information is passed on accurately.

In the Hershey Chase Experiment, what was labeled with radioactive phosphorus and sulphur?

• DNA

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Carbohydrates

Answer explanation

In the Hershey Chase Experiment, DNA was labeled with radioactive material, not proteins, lipids, or carbohydrates. This allowed researchers to track the genetic material during the experiment.

What was the key finding of the Meselson Stahl Experiment?

• Random replication of DNA

• Dispersive replication of DNA

• Conservative replication of DNA

• Semi-conservative replication of DNA

Answer explanation

The key finding of the Meselson Stahl Experiment was the demonstration of semi-conservative replication of DNA, where each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

• Thymidine

• Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine

• Uracil

• Guanosine

• Adenosine

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, as these are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA.

Which type of nucleic acid contains uracil instead of thymine?

• DNA

• Carbohydrate

• RNA

• Protein

Answer explanation

RNA contains uracil instead of thymine, making it the correct choice.

What is the function of DNA polymerase in DNA replication?

• To synthesize new DNA strands by adding complementary nucleotides

• To regulate gene expression

• To break down DNA strands into nucleotides

• To repair damaged DNA

Answer explanation

DNA polymerase functions by synthesizing new DNA strands through adding complementary nucleotides.

What is the shape of the DNA molecule?

• Double helix

• Triangle

• Square

• Single strand

Answer explanation

The shape of the DNA molecule is a double helix, consisting of two strands that wind around each other in a spiral staircase structure.