Sedimentary Rocks

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

• Tectonic plate movement and folding

• Volcanic eruptions and lava cooling

• Weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation

• Melting, solidification, and crystallization

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What are the three main types of sedimentary rocks?

• limestone, sandstone, shale

• granite, marble, basalt

• igneous, metamorphic, volcanic

• clastic, chemical, organic

What are some characteristics of sedimentary rocks?

• Formed through deposition and solidification of sediment, contain fossils, found near bodies of water, common types include sandstone, limestone, and shale

• Contain only igneous rocks

• Formed through volcanic activity

• Found deep underground

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

How can sedimentary rocks be identified?

• Smooth texture, high density, formed from volcanic activity

• Layered appearance, presence of fossils, formed from accumulation and cementation of sediments

• Crystalline structure, high porosity, formed from metamorphism

• Amorphous shape, low hardness, formed from igneous rocks

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What are some common uses of sedimentary rocks?

• Food production, agriculture

• Medical research, pharmaceuticals

• Construction, building materials, cement production, source of lime, ceramics, glass manufacturing

• Space exploration, rocket fuel

What is the process of lithification in sedimentary rock formation?

• Evaporation and condensation

• Melting and solidification

• Compaction and cementation

• Erosion and weathering

Give an example of a chemical sedimentary rock.

• Sandstone

• Shale

• Limestone

• Granite

Explain the difference between clastic and non-clastic sedimentary rocks.

• Clastic rocks are formed by volcanic activity, while non-clastic rocks are formed by erosion.

• Clastic rocks are only found in deserts, while non-clastic rocks are found in oceans.

• Clastic rocks are always metamorphic, while non-clastic rocks are always igneous.

• Clastic sedimentary rocks are composed of fragments of pre-existing rocks, while non-clastic sedimentary rocks are composed of organic or chemical sediments.

What role do fossils play in sedimentary rocks?

• Fossils in sedimentary rocks provide evidence of past life forms and help in dating the rock layers.

• Fossils in sedimentary rocks are always perfectly preserved

• Fossils in sedimentary rocks have no scientific value

• Fossils in sedimentary rocks are used for decorative purposes

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

How do sedimentary rocks contribute to the rock cycle?

• Sedimentary rocks contribute to the rock cycle by transforming directly into metamorphic rocks

• Sedimentary rocks contribute to the rock cycle by undergoing subduction

• Sedimentary rocks contribute to the rock cycle by being weathered and eroded into sediment, which then gets compacted and cemented to form new sedimentary rocks. These rocks can also undergo metamorphism to become metamorphic rocks or melt to form magma for igneous rocks, thus completing the rock cycle.

• Sedimentary rocks contribute to the rock cycle by forming directly from magma

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1