Earth Science 1

How do geologists study direct evidence of Earth’s interior?

• by collecting drill core samples of Earth’s crust

• by measuring seismic wave activity

• by analyzing how living things survive

• by recording changes in climate patterns

Jenny was studying with Marco about the layers of the Earth. They were given several different statements about the layers. Which statement about the layers would they identify as correct?

• The outer core is less than 70 km in thickness.

• The crust assists in forming Earth’s magnetic field.

• The mantle is denser than the crust.

• Pressure increases when moving from the core to the crust.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which phrases describe S waves?

• behave like a ripple

• move through liquids only

• are classified as primary waves

• are known as a type of direct evidence

Which example best illustrates a method to show differences among Earth’s layers?

• Carson models how the continental crust varies in thickness.

• Marisol records atmospheric and oceanic temperatures at several beaches.

• Oscar determines the pressure at different depths of Earth’s crust.

• Eliza analyzes seismic wave activity from an earthquake using a computer model.

Study the image of Earth’s layers. Which statement correctly compares the thickness of Earth’s layers?

• Earth’s mantle is thinner than its continental crust.

• Earth’s outer core is thicker than its mantle.

• Earth’s continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

• Earth’s lithosphere is thinner than its asthenosphere.

Which layer of Earth experiences the least amount of pressure?

• Mantle

• crust

• outer core

• inner core

Which best explains how heat plays a role in the movement of materials within Earth’s interior?

• Hot material near Earth’s surface is more dense and sinks, and when it cools, it becomes less dense and rises.

• Hot material near the core is more dense and rises, and when it cools, it becomes less dense and sinks.

• Hot material near Earth’s surface is less dense and sinks, and when it cools, it becomes more dense and rises.

• Hot material near the core is less dense and rises, and when it cools, it becomes more dense and sinks.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Why do scientists study seismographs?

• to learn about different rock samples

• to determine the location of an epicenter

• to analyze mineral content from Earth’s crust

• to observe temperature changes on Earth’s surface

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which example is indirect evidence used to study Earth’s interior?

• composition of minerals in a rock

• age of a rock from within Earth

• location of an earthquake’s epicenter

• texture of different core samples

A student finds a dark-colored rock that she identifies as basalt. Which property gives the rock its dark color?

• its age

• its banding

• its grain size

• its mineral content

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1