Andrews- Diabetes

What's the function of Alpha Cells in the pancreas?

• Produces insulin to decrease blood sugar levels
• Secretes digestive enzymes to break down food
• Regulates body temperature by releasing sweat
• Produces glucagon to increase blood sugar levels

Which of the following hormones are produced by Beta Cells in the pancreas?

• Somatostatin
• Glucagon
• Leptin
• Insulin, Amylin

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

T/F: Glucagon prevents blood glucose from dropping too low by acting on the liver.

• True

• False

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Match the following:

• Gluconeogenesis

• • - Cosecreted with insulin

  • - Regulates post-prandial (after meal) glucose

• Glycogenolysis

• Breaks down stored glycogen in the liver to glucose, which is released in the bloodstream

• Ketogenesis

• Promotes production of glucose from amino acids

• Amylin

• • - Stimulation of fatty acid oxidation

  • - Alternative fuel to in the absence of glucose

What are some functions of the hormone Amylin?

• Decrease food intake (increase satiety)

• Increase blood sugar levels
• Slowing gastric emptying

• Suppressing postprandial (after meal) glucose

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Reorder the following

• In the fed state: After consuming food carbs

• Insulin release from the pancreatic β-cells

• Stimulates the release of incretin hormones from the gut

• Plasma glucose concentration increase

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

In the fasting state:

• Glucagon is produced by pancreatic α cells

• Glucagon is produced by pancreatic Beta cells

• Glucagon stimulates hepatic glucose production (gluconeogenesis) and glycogenolysis (breakdown of glycogen)

• Plasma glucose concentration increase

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

T1DM v.s. T2DM

• T1DM is an autoimmune disease where the body does not produce insulin, while T2DM is a metabolic disorder where the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough.
• T1DM is caused by excessive insulin production, while T2DM is caused by insulin deficiency.
• T2DM is an autoimmune disease where the body does not produce insulin.
• T1DM is a metabolic disorder where the body becomes resistant to insulin.

​ (a)   autoimmune destruction of the ​ (b)   in the pancreas.

• Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)
• β-cells
• Alpha cells

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

​ (a)   is caused by derangements in the secretion of ​ (b)   , glucagon, and other hormones which results in abnormal ​ (c)   and fat metabolism.

• insulin
• carbohydrate
• Diabetes Mellitus