Enlightenment Influence on Government + Human Rights

What were John Locke's main ideas regarding natural rights?

• Individuals have inherent rights to health, wealth, and property that are natural, inalienable, and should be protected by the government.

• Individuals have inherent rights to life, liberty, and happiness that are natural and should be protected by the government.

• Individuals have inherent rights to freedom, equality, and property that are natural, inalienable, and should be protected by the government.

• Individuals have inherent rights to life, liberty, and property that are natural, inalienable, and should be protected by the government.

How did Montesquieu contribute to the concept of separation of powers?

• Montesquieu argued for the merging of executive and legislative powers

• Montesquieu suggested a system with no checks and balances

• Montesquieu proposed a single all-powerful government branch

• Montesquieu contributed to the concept of separation of powers by advocating for the division of government powers into three branches.

How did Enlightenment thinkers influence the French Revolution?

• Enlightenment thinkers supported the monarchy and opposed any revolutionary actions

• Enlightenment thinkers focused solely on economic reforms, ignoring political changes

• Enlightenment thinkers advocated for absolute monarchy and suppression of individual rights

• Enlightenment thinkers promoted ideas of liberty, equality, and fraternity, inspiring revolutionaries to challenge existing structures.

What impact did Enlightenment thinkers have on the Haitian Revolution?

• Enlightenment thinkers supported the continuation of slavery in Haiti

• Enlightenment ideas had no influence on the Haitian Revolution

• Enlightenment thinkers advocated for absolute monarchy in Haiti

• Enlightenment thinkers promoted ideas of liberty, equality, and human rights that inspired enslaved individuals in Haiti to fight for freedom and independence.

In what ways did Enlightenment ideas shape the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

• Enlightenment ideas promoted monarchy, censorship, and absolute power

• Enlightenment ideas rejected reason and rationality in governance

• Enlightenment ideas focused on restricting individual freedoms and rights

• Enlightenment ideas emphasized individual rights, equality, freedom, natural rights, social contract, reason, and rationality.

Discuss Rousseau's belief in the general will of the people.

• Rousseau believed in the general will of the people as the embodiment of the common good and collective interests of the community.

• Rousseau thought the general will of the people was determined by the elite

• Rousseau argued that the general will of the people was synonymous with individual desires

• Rousseau believed the general will of the people was irrelevant

What role did Enlightenment thinkers play in challenging absolute monarchy during the French Revolution?

• Enlightenment thinkers promoted ideas of individual rights, reason, and the social contract, which influenced the French Revolution by challenging the divine right of kings and absolute monarchy.

• Enlightenment thinkers supported absolute monarchy and discouraged any challenges during the French Revolution.

• Enlightenment thinkers had no influence on the French Revolution and remained neutral towards absolute monarchy.

• Enlightenment thinkers advocated for the strengthening of absolute monarchy and opposed any form of challenge during the French Revolution.

How did Montesquieu's theory of checks and balances influence the U.S. Constitution?

• By inspiring the separation of powers among the three branches of government to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

• By suggesting that the judiciary should have control over the legislative branch

• By proposing a system where the executive branch has unlimited power

• By advocating for a single all-powerful branch of government

What were John Locke's criticisms of absolute monarchy?

• Locke believed that absolute monarchy violated natural rights, led to tyranny, and lacked the consent of the governed.

• Locke praised absolute monarchy for its efficiency

• Locke believed that absolute monarchy respected individual liberties

• Locke argued that absolute monarchy promoted equality among citizens

How did Montesquieu's ideas on the separation of powers impact the structure of governments worldwide?

• Montesquieu's ideas resulted in the concentration of power in the hands of a single ruler in many countries.

• Montesquieu's ideas led to the implementation of a dictatorship system in various governments.

• Montesquieu's ideas led to the adoption of checks and balances in many governments, ensuring a system of accountability and preventing tyranny.

• Montesquieu's ideas led to the abolition of governments worldwide, causing chaos and anarchy.