U5 Lesson 5.2 Laws of Heredity

What did Mendel conclude controls the inheritance of traits in peas?

• Individual factors or sets of genetic information

• Physical characteristics of the parents

• Environmental factors

• Random chance

What term do scientists use today for the factors that control traits, as discovered by Mendel?

• Chromosomes

• DNA

• Genes

• Proteins

What does a dominant allele do?

• It never shows up in the organism

• It is always hidden

• It mixes with the recessive allele

• It always shows up when present

Which of the following best describes a recessive allele?

• It always shows up in the organism

• It is visible when the dominant allele is not present

• It cannot be inherited

• It changes into a dominant allele over time

According to Mendel's law of segregation, how many alleles for a trait does each parent pass to their offspring?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

What is the physical appearance of an organism called?

• Genotype

• Allelotype

• Phenotype

• Trait type

A plant with two identical alleles for a trait is considered:

• Heterozygous

• Homozygous

• Mutant

• Hybrid

What does it mean if an organism is heterozygous for a trait?

• It has two different alleles for that trait

• It has two identical alleles for that trait

• It does not have alleles for that trait

• It has mutated alleles for that trait

What was the result of Mendel's dihybrid cross?

• All offspring had the same traits as the parent

• A 9:3:3:1 ratio of possible trait combinations

• The traits disappeared in the offspring

• A 3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive traits

Mendel's law of independent assortment states that:

• Traits are not inherited

• Only dominant traits are inherited

• Alleles for different traits are sorted into gametes independently

• Traits are inherited together