Topic 6 Quantitative Sampling

What is the primary purpose of stratified sampling in research?

• To ensure that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

• To divide the population into homogenous subgroups and then randomly sample from each subgroup.

• To select individuals based on their availability and willingness to participate.

• To systematically select every nth individual from a list of the population.

Which of the following is NOT a potential source of sampling error?

• Random sampling.

• Non-response bias.

• Sampling frame error.

• Measurement error.

What is the primary limitation of convenience sampling?

• It may introduce selection bias.

• It requires a large sample size.

• It is time-consuming and costly.

• It is not representative of the target population.

What is the difference between sampling error and non-sampling error?

• Sampling error refers to errors in data collection, while non-sampling error refers to errors in data analysis.

• Sampling error is due to chance fluctuations in the sample, while non-sampling error is due to systematic errors in the sampling process.

• Sampling error occurs when the sample size is too small, while non-sampling error occurs when the sample size is too large.

• There is no difference; sampling error and non-sampling error are synonymous terms in research.

Which type of sampling method involves selecting individuals who are readily available and willing to participate in the study?

• Random sampling.

• Convenience sampling.

• Stratified sampling.

• Cluster sampling.

How does increasing the sample size typically affect sampling error?

• Increasing the sample size decreases sampling error.

• Increasing the sample size increases sampling error.

• Increasing the sample size has no effect on sampling error.

• Increasing the sample size only affects non-sampling error, not sampling error.

Which of the following is an example of a systematic sampling technique?

• Selecting every 10th student from a class roster.

• Asking individuals in a shopping mall to participate in a survey.

• Choosing participants based on their demographic characteristics.

• Recruiting participants through social media advertisements.

Which of the following is a common assumption of multivariate analysis?

• Independence of observations.

• Linearity of relationships between variables.

• Normality of residuals.

• Homoscedasticity (equal variance) of residuals.

What is the advantage of using probability sampling methods in research?

• They ensure that the sample is representative of the population.

• They allow researchers to conveniently select participants based on availability.

• They reduce the risk of researcher bias compared to non-probability sampling methods.

• They require fewer resources and are easier to implement compared to non-probability sampling methods.

Which of the following is an example of a probability sampling method?

• Convenience sampling.

• Purposive sampling.

• Simple random sampling.

• Quota sampling.