CH12-2 The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses

Harmful or disease-causing microorganisms from which nonspecific defenses protect the body are called (a)   .

Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are the four most common indicators of ____.

• fever

• dehydration

• edema

• acute inflammation

The third line of defense involves the adaptive response mediated by (a)   .

The binding of complement proteins to certain sugar or proteins on a foreign cell's surface is called ____.

• cellular immunity

• complement fixation

• positive chemotaxis

• diapedesis

Small proteins known as (a)   are secreted by virus-infected cells to help defend cells that have not yet been infected.

A(n) (a)   is any substance capable of mobilizing our immune system and provoking an immune response.

Troublesome small molecules or incomplete antigens that may mount an attack that is harmful rather than protective are called (a)   .

The bodies first line of defense against the invasion of disease-causing microorganisms is ____.

• phagocytes

• natural killer cells

• skin and mucous membranes

• inflammatory response

• fever

The adaptive (specific) defense system ____.

• is an innate defense

• issues an attack specific to particular foreign substances

• includes the skin and mucous membranes

• is the body's first line of defense against invading pathogens

• provides mechanical barriers to the body

Which one of the following is NOT one of the nonspecific body defenses?

• intact skin

• antibody production

• the inflammatory response

• fever

• natural killer cells