MAAP RI "Citizenship in a Republic" "Inaugural Address"

11. How does Roosevelt develop his arguments in his speech "Citizens in a Republic"?

• by presenting his opinion on the characteristics of a good citizen

• by arguing that the qualities of rulers are more important than the qualities of individual citizens

• by explaining what critics emphasize

• by focusing on intellect as the most important characteristic of citizenship

12. Part A

Which sentence states the central idea of the excerpt from "Citizenship in a Republic"?

• Citizens must be courageous and not afraid to fight for their country.

• Citizens need to have strong, fit bodies to be healthy.

• Citizens in a democratic republic need to vote for leaders of quality

• Citizens need intelligence and education, but character is even more important

12. Part B

Which statement supports the answer in Part A?

• "I believe in exercise for the body, always provided that we keep in mind that physical development is a means and not an end." (paragraph 4)

• "If, under such government, the quality of the rulers is high enough, that the nation may for generations lead a brilliant career, and add substantially to the sum of world achievement, no matter how low the quality of the average citizens; because the average citizens is an almost negligible quantity in working out the final results of that type of national greatness." (paragraph 2)

• "The leaders of thought and of action grope their way forward to a new life, realizing, sometimes dimly, sometimes clear-sightedly, that the life of material gain, whether for a nation or an individual, is of value only as a foundation, only as there is added to it the uplift that comes from devotion to loftier ideals." (paragraph 1)

• "But above mind and above body stands character-the sum of those qualities which we mean when we speak of a man's force and courage, of his good faith and sense of honor." (paragraph 4)

13. Which statement best describes Roosevelt's reasoning to support his claim that character is the most important quality of citizenship?

• Roosevelt uses slippery slope reasoning to imply that citizens without strong character would descend into anarchy.

• Roosevelt uses circular reasoning by assuming that character is of upmost importance without providing evidence.

• Roosevelt uses false statements to mislead the audience into believing that character is more important then intellect.

• Roosevelt uses evidence supported by facts to explain why character is so important.

14. Read these sentences from paragraph 2 of the excerpt from "Citizenship in a Republic."

Under other forms of government, under the rule of one man or of a very few men, the quality of the rulers is all-important. If, under such governments the quality of the rulers is high enough, then the nation may for generations lead a brilliant career, and add substantially to the sum of world achievement, no matter how low the quality of the average citizen; because the average citizens in an almost negligible quantity is working out the final results of that type of national greatness.

What is the meaning of the word negligible as it is used in this paragraph?

• outstanding

• incomparable

• insignificant

• neglectful

15. In "John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address," how does President Kennedy support his claim that citizens themselves must face the problem of the nation?

• by listing the common enemies of man

• by arguing that citizens would not change places with any other people

• by emphasizing the obligation of citizens versus the obligation of government towards citizens

• by illustrating how a country with dedicated citizens would look.

16. 16. Part A

17. How does President Kennedy use rhetoric to advance his point of view in the excerpt from "John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address" speech?

• He uses repetition to emphasize each individual citizen's responsibilities.

• He uses hyperbole to exaggerate the role of citizens in securing freedom.

• He uses a metaphor to compare presidents to God

• He uses personification to show how trumpets declares victory over the common enemies of man.

16. Part B.

Which sentence from the passage supports the answer in Part A?

• And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe-the belief that the rights of man come not form the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.

• And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you-ask what you can do for your country.

• We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution.

• The graves of young Americans who answered the call to serve surround the globe.

17. How do Roosevelt and Kennedy each develop the central idea in each of the passages?

• While Roosevelt includes a list of success and failures committed by citizens, Kennedy includes a list of only successes achieved be immigrants.

• While Roosevelt uses an authoritative tone scolding critics, Kennedy uses persuasive techniques of praising citizens.

• While Roosevelt uses figurative language portraying educated citizens, Kennedy uses vivid imagery portraying the struggles of the common man.

• While Roosevelt states the qualities needed for good citizenship, Kennedy asks citizens to give as much as they ask.

18. 18. How are the ideas in the excerpts "Citizenship in a Republic" and "John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address" related?

• Both Roosevelt and Kennedy felt that citizens needed strong leadership to lead the country's success

• Both Roosevelt and Kennedy felt the role of citizenship was important to success of the country

• Both Roosevelt and Kennedy felt that the citizens needed strong belief in God.

• Both Roosevelt and Kennedy felt that citizens needed to sacrifice personal gain for the benefit of the country