Unit 1 Enlightenment Thinkers Quiz

What was a major goal of Enlightenment thinkers according to the text?

• To maintain the traditional beliefs and authorities

• To challenge traditional beliefs and inspire widespread change

• To support only economic reforms

• To isolate their ideas to Europe only

What did the Congress of Vienna achieve?

• It spread Enlightenment ideas globally

• It challenged the French Revolution

• It restored former rulers that were in power before the French Revolution

• It promoted new revolutionary leaders

What key idea did the Enlightenment challenge?

• The role of religion in society

• The divine right of kings

• The importance of scientific advancements

• The structure of economic systems

What is John Locke most famous for?

• Advocating for the separation of powers in government

• Developing a philosophy where political power derives from the people

• Arguing for the divine right of kings

• Supporting the traditional roles of the Catholic Church

What does John Locke believe people have the right to do if a government fails to protect its citizens?

• Reform the government

• Overthrow the government

• Elect new leaders

• Appeal to a higher authority

What main idea did Baron de Montesquieu advocate for in 'The Spirit of Laws'?

• The divine right of kings

• The abolition of the monarchy

• The separation of powers in government

• The unification of governmental powers

What concept did Jean-Jacques Rousseau strongly advocate that influenced the U.S. Constitution and the French Revolution?

• Divine right of kings

• Popular sovereignty

• Absolute monarchy

• Feudalism

What was a significant outcome of William Wilberforce's efforts in the British Parliament regarding slavery?

• He increased taxes on slave owners

• He successfully passed a law to free all slaves immediately

• He was defeated in all his motions against slavery

• He played a key role in abolishing the slave trade in 1807

What was Catherine the Great's approach to criminal justice?

• She favored harsh punishments to deter crime.

• She stressed prevention of criminal acts and equal protection under the law.

• She ignored criminal activities to focus on economic reforms.

• She delegated criminal justice matters to local authorities.

What does John Locke suggest is the reason people agree to be governed?

• To ensure the distribution of wealth.

• To protect their life, liberty, and property.

• To support the divine right of kings.

• To promote religious freedom.