Earth science review

Looking at the season's diagram shown here, the teacher asked the students about the intensity of the light and the tilt of Earth's axis. Which of the following correctly describes the intensity of the Sun's rays and orientation of the southern hemisphere at position C?

• More direct light; the southern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun.

• Less direct light; the southern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun.

• More direct light; the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun.

• More direct light; Earth is not tilted in any direction.

Using the diagram of the Sun-Moon-Earth system shown here, explain the position of the Sun, Moon, and Earth for a lunar eclipse to occur and the reason this is not a monthly occurrence.

• x

• w

• y

• z

The relative movements of Earth, the Moon, and the Sun create patterns of change we observe. A complete and accurate model for explaining the phases of the Moon visible on Earth requires which of the following? Select all that are needed.

• Earth

• Moon

• Sun

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the changing of seasons on Earth?

• Orbit of Earth around the Sun and the rotation of Earth

• Orbit of Earth around the Sun and rotation of the Sun

• Rotation of Earth and rotation of the Sun

• Tilt of the axis of Earth and the orbit of Earth around the Sun

Observe the diagram below. Which of the statements gives the best explanation of the mechanism that holds our solar system together?

• The distance from the Sun to the planets creates friction, which holds them in place.

• The Sun’s mass has no effect on the gravitational pull of the planets in the solar system.

• The inner planets have less mass, causing them to revolve more slowly around the Sun.

• The Sun’s mass creates a gravitational pull that holds the planets in the solar system in orbit.

Our Milky Way galaxy follows the same laws as our solar system in that it orbits around the center of the galaxy. Which type of galaxy orbits in a predictable motion?

• Irregular

• Elliptical

• Spiral

• None of these

Our solar system is held in orbit around the center of the galaxy by the ______ force produced by the dense collection of stars and the supermassive black hole that make up the central bulge of the Milky Way.

• gravitational
• forceful

• polarity

• push

A celestial body with more mass will have ______ gravitational force than one with less mass.

• more
• less

• same

• different

Earth and its solar system are a part of which of the following galaxies?

• Andromeda

• Black Eye

• Milky Way

• Cartwheel

The orbital motions of the objects in the solar system are the direct result of which of the following features of the Sun?

• Its magnetic field

• Its brightness

• Its gravitational pull

• Its chemical composition