Central Dogma of Life Quiz-Lesson 17

What is the main task for a cell according to the text?

• Replication

• Transcription

• Protein Synthesis

• Translation

Answer explanation

The main task for a cell, according to the text, is Protein Synthesis. This process involves the creation of proteins within the cell.

What is the process called where mRNA is synthesized based on the parent DNA template?

• Translation

• Transcription

• Replication

• Protein Synthesis

Answer explanation

Transcription is the process where mRNA is synthesized based on the parent DNA template, converting the genetic information from DNA to RNA.

What is the segment of DNA that encodes for a particular protein called?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• Gene

• Ribosome

Answer explanation

The segment of DNA that encodes for a particular protein is called a gene, as it contains the instructions for making that protein.

What is the directionality of the mRNA molecule determined by?

• Poly A Tail

• Ribosome

• Methyl Cap

• tRNA

Answer explanation

The directionality of the mRNA molecule is determined by tRNA, which carries specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

What is the assembly that helps in the translation process?

• tRNA

• Ribosome

• mRNA

• DNA Polymerase

Answer explanation

The assembly that helps in the translation process is the Ribosome, which is responsible for reading the mRNA and coordinating the binding of tRNA molecules to the mRNA to assemble the amino acids into a protein.

What is the final product of the translation process?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• Protein

• DNA

Answer explanation

The final product of the translation process is a Protein. During translation, the mRNA is decoded by ribosomes to synthesize proteins based on the sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA.

What is the process called where the code hidden in the mRNA molecule is translated?

• Replication

• Protein Synthesis

• Transcription

• Translation

Answer explanation

The process where the code hidden in the mRNA molecule is translated is called Translation. During Translation, the mRNA is decoded to produce a specific protein.

What is the term used for the process of copying the code written on the DNA to form mRNA?

• Replication

• Translation

• Protein Synthesis

• Transcription

Answer explanation

The term used for the process of copying the code written on the DNA to form mRNA is Transcription, not Protein Synthesis.

What is the name given to the process where a chain of amino acids is formed from the mRNA code?

• Translation

• Replication

• Transcription

• Protein Synthesis

Answer explanation

Translation is the process where a chain of amino acids is formed from the mRNA code, making it the correct choice for this question.

What is the term used for the process of converting the code of a gene into proteins?

• Cell Division

• Mutation

• DNA Replication

• Gene Expression

Answer explanation

The term used for the process of converting the code of a gene into proteins is Gene Expression.