Quiz on Biological Explanations of Schizophrenia

What is the general population's rate of schizophrenia according to Gottesman (1978)?

• 12%

• 1%

• 5%

• 40%

Which type of twins shows a higher concordance rate for schizophrenia?

• Neither type shows a concordance

• Both show equal rates

• Dizygotic (DZ) twins

• Monozygotic (MZ) twins

What does the dopamine hypothesis suggest about schizophrenia?

• It is unrelated to dopamine levels.

• It is caused by excessive activity of dopamine.

• It is caused by excessive serotonin activity.

• It is caused by a lack of dopamine.

According to research, what percentage of children with schizophrenic biological mothers develop schizophrenia?

• 1%

• 12%

• 17%

• 40%

What is suggested by the presence of enlarged ventricles in some schizophrenic patients?

• Increased brain activity

• Improved cognitive function

• Decreased risk of schizophrenia

• Loss of brain tissue

Which gene is associated with the production of calcineurin?

• DZ gene

• MZ gene

• Sherrington

• PPP3CC

What is the implication of schizophrenia being polygenic?

• It is caused by a single gene.

• It is caused by environmental factors only.

• It is not genetic.

• It is caused by multiple genes.

What does the updated dopamine hypothesis suggest about schizophrenia symptoms?

• Dopamine levels are irrelevant to schizophrenia.

• All symptoms are caused by uniformly high dopamine levels.

• Different dopamine levels in various brain regions are implicated.

• Only negative symptoms are related to dopamine levels.

What percentage risk of schizophrenia increases with fathers over 50 according to Malaspina et al. (2002)?

• 1%

• Over 2%

• 12%

• 40%

What does evidence from MRI scans of recent-onset schizophrenics suggest?

• No change in brain structure over time.

• Immediate improvement in brain structure.

• Brain damage increases over time.

• Decrease in dopamine receptors over time.