Software Engineering: Prog Fundamentals - Software Development

Imagine a scenario where a large software development company, led by project managers Cie and Liam, is tasked with creating a complex financial system. Which of the following is true for their Structured Development Approach?

• Suited to small projects, with clear requirements and performance is not considered to be critical.

• Suited to large projects, with evolving requirements and performance is not critical.

• Suited to large projects, with clearly defined requirements and performance is critical.

• Suited to large projects, with evolving requirements and performance is not considered to be critical.

Answer explanation

The Structured Approacd is suited to large projects, with clearly defined requirements and performance is critical.

Emily is leading a software development team that is working on a new mobile app for a startup. The app's requirements are expected to change frequently based on user feedback. Which of the following is true for the Agile Development Approach in this scenario?

• Suited to user-centered projects, with clear requirements and performance is not considered to be critical.

• Suited to user-centered projects, with evolving requirements and performance is not considered to be critical.

• Suited to backend machine-centered projects, with clear requirements and performance is critical.

• Suited to backend machine-centered projects, with evolving requirements and performance is not considered to be critical.

Answer explanation

Suited to user-centered projects, with evolving requirements and performance is not considered to be critical.

Ollie, Liam, and Aiden are collaborating on a new app development using the Waterfall Development Approach. They are discussing the correct sequence of stages for their project. Which of the following represents the correct order?

• Requirements definition, determining specifications, design, development, integration, testing and debugging, installation, maintenance.

• Determining specifications, requirements definition, design, development, integration, testing and debugging, installation, maintenance.

• Requirements definition, determining specifications, development, design, integration, testing and debugging, installation, maintenance.

• Requirements definition, design, determining specifications, development, testing and debugging, integration, installation, maintenance.

Answer explanation

The correct order for the Waterfall Development Approach is: Requirements definition, determining specifications, design, development, integration, testing and debugging, installation, maintenance.

In a project planning session, Emily discussed adopting Agile methodologies for their upcoming software project. Which of the following terms is NOT typically associated with Agile Development?

• Agility

• Collaboration

• Flexibility

• Sequential

Answer explanation

Sequential is NOT typically associated with Agile Development as Agile focuses on iterative and incremental development rather than following a strict sequential process.

When a software company, such as Tech Innovations Inc., is tasked with developing a new mobile application for managing class schedules at a university, which expert is likely responsible for formulating the set of requirements?

• Software Engineer

• Business Systems Analyst

• Programmer

• Users

Answer explanation

The Business Systems Analyst is likely responsible for formulating the set of requirements as they bridge the gap between the business needs and the technical solutions in software development projects.

In the context of a software development project for a new educational app, what does it mean for a requirement to be verifiable?

• Requirements are worded in such a way that it is straightforward for both the client, represented by Emily, to accept and the developer, Liam, to demonstrate that the requirement has indeed been fulfilled.

• The requirement should be stated in such a way that it includes full details regarding how the requirement will be met as the software is designed and developed.

• All requirements should focus on a user need and they should be expressed in the form 'As [role], I want [goal], so that [benefit].'

• Verifiable requirements must be expressed mathematically so that when tested there is a clear boundary between what is acceptable and what is unacceptable.

Answer explanation

Requirements are worded in such a way that it is straightforward for both the client, represented by Emily, to accept and the developer, Liam, to demonstrate that the requirement has indeed been fulfilled.

Observing how employees like Zak and Liam use software tools during their daily tasks is likely part of which of the following?

• Surveys

• Interviews

• Time management studies

• Business analysis

Answer explanation

Observing how employees like Zak and Liam use software tools during their daily tasks is likely part of business analysis, as it involves analyzing how technology is utilized in the workplace for operational improvements.

Which of the following best describes the purpose of user stories in the context of a software development project for a university's registration system?

• To provide evidence to management that supports complaints (and compliments) from users like Liam and Emily about an existing system.

• To ensure users' needs like Ishaan's are considered as requirements are developed and refined.

• To maximize the usability and effectiveness of a software product for its intended users such as students and faculty.

• To capture and communicate specific functionality from users like Aiden in order to guide and prioritize development efforts.

Answer explanation

To ensure users' needs like Ishaan's are considered as requirements are developed and refined.

Consider Luke's smartphone (the system) and the coffee shop where he often studies. Which of the following best describes the relationship between Luke's smartphone and the coffee shop environment in which it operates?

• Luke's smartphone is part or subset of the coffee shop environment, and both the smartphone and environment exist within a boundary. The boundary prevents communication except via an interface, such as WiFi or Bluetooth.

• Luke's smartphone is confined to what it can control, or what is within scope by its boundaries. Interfaces like WiFi or Bluetooth enable the smartphone to communicate with other devices or entities within the coffee shop.

Answer explanation

Luke's smartphone is part or subset of the coffee shop environment, and both the smartphone and environment exist within a boundary. The boundary prevents communication except via an interface, such as WiFi or Bluetooth.

Imagine Liam is writing a guidebook that includes a list of tools and a method describing how to build each project. Which of the following is the best analogy to designing software?

• The tools are the algorithm and the method is the data structure.

• The tools are the data items and the method is the algorithm.

• The tools are the data structure and the method is the algorithm.

• The tools are the data and the method is the data structure.

Answer explanation

The tools are the data structure and the method is the algorithm.