Research Statistics Evaluation Quiz

What is the primary purpose of using standard deviation in research statistics?

• To determine the average value of the data set

• To measure the dispersion or variability within a set of data

• To calculate the median of the data

• To establish causation between variables

Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?

• Range

• Variance

• Mean

• Standard deviation

What does a p-value indicate in hypothesis testing?

• The probability of the null hypothesis being true

• The probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis

• The probability of observing the test results when the null hypothesis is true

• The mean difference between groups in an experiment

Which type of error occurs when a true null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected?

• Type I error

• Type II error

• Sampling error

• Measurement error

What is the role of a control group in an experimental study?

• To receive the experimental treatment

• To provide a comparison against the experimental group

• To manipulate the independent variable

• To measure the dependent variable

Which correlation coefficient value indicates the strongest relationship between two variables?

• 0.0

• -0.5

• 0.5

• -1.0

In a normal distribution, what percentage of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean?

• 68%

• 95%

• 99.7%

• 50%

What is the null hypothesis in the context of hypothesis testing?

• The prediction that there is an effect or difference

• The assumption that no effect or difference exists

• The alternative hypothesis

• The expected experimental outcome

Which test would you use to compare the means of two independent groups?

• Chi-square test

• ANOVA

• T-test

• Pearson correlation

What does an alpha level of 0.05 signify in hypothesis testing?

• There is a 5% probability that the results are due to chance

• There is a 95% confidence in the results

• Both A and B

• Neither A nor B