POM 7b Motivation

According to the text, what is the SMART approach for setting goals?

• Strategic, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timely

• Structured, Measurable, Actionable, Relevant, Time-bound

• Simple, Meaningful, Attainable, Relevant, Timely

• Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Results-based, Time-specific

What is the law of effect formulated by psychologist Edward Thorndike?

• Behaviors followed by random consequences will be repeated

• Behaviors followed by neutral consequences will be repeated

• Behaviors followed by negative consequences will be repeated

• Behaviors followed by positive consequences will be repeated

According to the expectancy theory, what will demotivate people?

• High expectancy, low instrumentalities, low total valence

• Low expectancy, low instrumentalities, high total valence

• Low expectancy, low instrumentalities, low total valence

• Low expectancy, high instrumentalities, low total valence

What does the equity theory state about fairness?

• People do not assess fairness in the workplace

• People assess fairness based on inputs only

• People assess fairness based on outcomes only

• People assess fairness based on outcomes and inputs

What are stretch goals according to the text?

• Targets that are moderate in difficulty

• Targets that are particularly demanding

• Targets that are irrelevant to performance

• Targets that are easily achievable

What is the key principle for reinforcing performance through positive consequences?

• Positive reinforcement

• Punishment

• Extinction

• Negative reinforcement

How can organizations increase expectancies according to the text?

• Discourage employees from performing well

• Provide no training or support

• Set unattainable performance goals

• Provide working environment that facilitates good performance

What are the inputs referred to in the equity theory?

• None of the above

• Various things the person receives on the job

• Contributions the person makes to the organization

• Both contributions and outcomes

What is the theory proposing that people behave based on their perceived likelihood of outcomes?

• Goal-setting theory

• Reinforcement theory

• Equity theory

• Expectancy theory

What are the two types of stretch goals mentioned in the text?

• Easy stretch goals and Difficult stretch goals

• Short-term stretch goals and Long-term stretch goals

• Vertical stretch goals and Horizontal stretch goals

• Individual stretch goals and Team stretch goals