Tasks 12-13 Endosymbiosis and Biotechnology

Match the following

• Multicellular eukaryotes

• Emerged later; 2.7 billion years ago

• Prokaryotes

• Emerged first; 3.8 billion years ago

• Single-celled eukaryotes

• Emerged last; 600 million years ago

Match the following

• nucleus

• High-energy molecule used for cell energy

• mitochondrion

• Process using light to create glucose

• photosynthesis

• Photosynthetic green organelle; numerous

• chloroplast

• Organelle containing DNA as chromosomes

• ATP

• ATP-producing organelle; numerous

Choose the TWO correct statements from the choices below.

• Mitochondria have very few chromosomes

• Mitochondria rely on their host cell for ATP

• Mitochondria have two membranes

• Mitochondria rely on their host cell for proteins

• Mitochondria have their own circular DNA

Choose the THREE correct statements from the choices below.

• Chloroplasts can create copies of themselves

• Chloroplasts have one membrane

• Chloroplasts create their own proteins

• Chloroplasts had their own circular DNA

Choose the answer that best describes the theory of endosymbiosis.

• The ancestors of chloroplasts and mitochondria were once free-living simple prokaryotes that formed a symbiotic relationship with other cells.

• The ancestors of chloroplasts and nuclei were once free-living simple prokaryotes that formed a symbiotic relationship with other cells.

• The ancestors of chloroplasts and mitochondria were once free-living simple eukaryotes that formed a symbiotic relationship with other cells.

• The ancestors of nuclei and mitochondria were once free-living the simple eukaryotes that formed a symbiotic relationship with other cells.

Which of the following are evidence in support of the theory of endosymbiosis? Select all that apply.

• Chloroplasts, mitochondria, and prokaryotes all have their own DNA

• Chloroplasts and mitochondria are about the same size as prokaryotes

• Chloroplasts, mitochondria, and prokaryotes all have circular DNA

• Chloroplasts and mitochondria are capable of reproducing themselves

What are the goals of biotechnology? Choose the THREE best answers.

• To assist in our search for extraterrestrial life

• To feed the world

• To develop better fuels

• To fight diseases

• To make money

Select the THREE fields and products that have been impacted by biotechnology.

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Select THREE examples of selective breeding.

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Organize these options into the right categories. There will be four benefits and four risks.

Groups:

(a) Benefits of Selective Breeding

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(b) Risks of Selective Breeding

• fitter and stronger plants and animals

• Less ability to survive changes in an environment

• Can lose traits that were once beneficial

• safer than genetic engineering

• decreased diversity

• Increased chance for diseases

• desired traits are produced

• better tasting food