Earth's Geology and Rock Cycle Quiz

What is the Earth's outermost solid layer called?

• Atmosphere

• Crust

• Core

• Mantle

Which type of rock is formed by magma that cools and solidifies beneath the Earth's surface?

• Intrusive igneous

• Extrusive igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

What causes sedimentary rocks to form?

• Melting of minerals

• High pressure and temperature

• Deposition and compaction of sediments

• Cooling of lava

What is granite classified as?

• Intrusive igneous rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Extrusive igneous rock

• Sedimentary rock

What process transforms existing rocks into metamorphic rocks?

• Cooling

• Erosion

• Weathering

• Metamorphism

What is basalt?

• A metamorphic rock

• An extrusive igneous rock

• An intrusive igneous rock

• A sedimentary rock

What does the presence of granite in the Himalayas indicate?

• Presence of an ocean

• Glacial movements

• Historical volcanic activity

• Recent sediment deposition

What is the primary cause of rock weathering and erosion on the surface?

• Earthquakes

• Tectonic movements

• Volcanic eruptions

• Water and atmospheric conditions

What type of rock is likely to form from the compaction of biological materials?

• Coal

• Basalt

• Granite

• Gneiss

What geological process is responsible for the formation of the Himalayas?

• Plate tectonics

• Volcanic eruption

• Sediment deposition

• Meteor impacts