Part 2 - Stages of development 發展階段 (1)

Which of the following statements about skeletal system of adolescence is correct?
以下哪項關於青少年期骨骼系統的描述是正確的？

• gain height and weight at a quick rate
  身高、體重增長幅度大

• ligaments around the joints are thin and elastic
  關節周圍的韌帶較薄和鬆弛

• bones are not easily broken but easily deformed
  骨骼不易折斷，但易變形

• the growth stops the age of about 18
  身高的增長大約在18歲後停止

Which of the following is a cause of decreased exercise capacity in adulthood?
以下哪項是成年期運動能力下降的原因？

• increase in bone density
  骨骼密度增加

• increase in weight
  體重上升

• reduce in muscles elasticity
  肌肉彈性降低

• reduce in body fat percentage
  體脂率下降

During adolescence, what happens to the ligaments around the joints?
在青少年期，關節周圍的韌帶會發生什麼變化？

• become thicker and less elastic
  變得更厚且彈性更小

• remain the same as in childhood
  和兒童期一樣

• become thinner and more elastic
  變得更薄且彈性更大

• disappear completely
  完全消失

At what age does the growth typically stop in terms of height during adolescence?
青少年期的身高通常在什麼年齡停止生長？

• Around 16 years old
  大約 16 歲

• Around 18 years old
  大約 18 歲

• Around 25 years old
  大約 25 歲

• It varies greatly among individuals
  因人而異

As age increases, cardiac output increases, vascular peripheral resistance increases, blood pressure gradually increases and the heart rate will become ______.
隨著年齡的增長，心輸出量增加，血管外周阻力加大，血壓逐漸升高，心率會 _____。

• faster
  變快

• slower
  變慢

• remain unchanged
  不變

• become unstable
  變得不穩定

In general, boys' adolescence begins at age _____.
一般而言，男生的青少年期會在 _____ 歲開始。

• 8

• 10

• 12

• 14

How does the muscle mass change during adolescence?
青少年期的肌肉量有何變化？

• decreases significantly
  明顯減少

• increases rapidly
  快速增加

• remains constant
  保持不變

• fluctuates unpredictably
  波動不定

Which of the following about the heart in childhood is correct?
下列哪項關於兒童時期的心臟的描述是正確的？

• Less blood volume than adults
  血液量較成年人少

• Unit volume of blood hemoglobin content is higher than adults
  血液中血紅蛋白含量比成年人低

• Myocardial fibre contractility is stronger than adults
  心肌纖維收縮力較成年人強

• Heart weight and volume are similar to those of adults
  心臟的相對重量和容積與成年人相近

What is the typical age at which girls' adolescence begins?

女生的青少年期通常在多少歲開始？

• 8

• 10

• 12

• 14

How does bone density change during adolescence?

青少年期的骨密度如何變化？

• decreases significantly
  明顯減少

• increases rapidly
  快速增加

• remains constant
  保持不變

• fluctuates unpredictably
  波動不定