02-03-13-RM: Features of Science-Issues and Debates

What does "ethnocentrism" refer to in the context of cultural studies?

• The study of different cultures and societies

• The belief in the superiority of one's own cultural group

• The economic impact of cultural differences

• The history of cultural interactions

What is a common issue with studies conducted by psychologists according to the image?

• They often focus on non-Westernized societies

• They are usually conducted in poor countries

• They typically study Westernized, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic societies

• They ignore all cultural differences

According to the image, what effect can ignoring cultural differences have on behavior studies?

• It can provide a clear understanding of universal behaviors

• It can lead to a misinterpretation of behaviors in different cultures

• It enhances the accuracy of the studies

• It has no significant effect on the results

What does the term "Cultural Relativism" imply in the context of child-rearing practices?

• It suggests that all cultures view child-rearing in the same way

• It indicates that child-rearing practices are specific to each culture and can be misinterpreted by others

• It means that Western society's norms are universally applicable

• It refers to a method of studying children's behavior without cultural context

According to the research, how did Japanese infants react to separation from their mothers?

• They showed no stress

• They were happy

• They showed considerable distress

• They did not notice the separation

What is the difference between "etic" and "emic" approaches to studying behavior according to Berry, 1969?

• Etic involves looking at behavior from inside the culture, while emic involves looking from outside

• Etic and emic are the same

• Etic involves looking at behavior from outside the culture, while emic involves looking from inside

• There is no difference; both terms are outdated

What does the term "emic" refer to in cultural studies?

• Studying behavior from outside a culture

• Studying behavior specific to a culture from inside

• Assuming behavior applies universally

• None of the above

What is meant by "etic" in cultural studies?

• Studying behavior from inside a culture

• Studying behavior from outside of that culture

• Behavior that applies universally

• Specific cultural behavior

What does "imposed etic" imply in the context of cultural research?

• Research is specific to one culture

• Research assumes findings are universal

• Research focuses only on internal cultural aspects

• Research disregards cultural specifics

What does the concept of "free will" suggest about human behavior?

• It suggests that human behavior is completely random.

• It suggests that human behavior is only determined by biological factors.

• It suggests that humans can make choices and their behavior is not solely determined by biological or external factors.

• It suggests that humans cannot control their behavior or thoughts at all.