Organic Chemistry Quiz

What are three characteristics of carbon that contribute to the diversity of organic compounds?

• Its ability to form double and triple bonds, its inability to bind with other elements, and its inability to form rings

• Its ability to bind with other elements, its inability to form chains, and its inability to form rings

• Its ability to form only single bonds, its inability to bind with other elements, and its inability to form chains

• Its ability to bind to itself to form chains and rings, its ability to bind with other elements, and its ability to bind to itself and other elements in different arrangements

Define the term isomer, and distinguish between structural and geometric isomers.

• Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures are isomers. Structural isomers have atoms bonded together in a different order. Geometric isomers have atoms bonded in the same order, but the arrangement of atoms in space is different.

• Compounds that have different molecular formulas but the same structures are isomers. Structural isomers have atoms bonded together in the same order. Geometric isomers have atoms bonded in different orders.

• Compounds that have different molecular formulas and different structures are isomers. Structural isomers have atoms bonded together in a different order. Geometric isomers have atoms bonded in the same order, but the arrangement of atoms in space is different.

• Compounds that have the same molecular formula and the same structures are isomers. Structural isomers have atoms bonded together in the same order. Geometric isomers have atoms bonded in different orders.

Which of the following types of molecular representations can be used to show differences between isomers? Explain why each can or cannot.

• molecular formula - It can show the difference between isomers by displaying the arrangement of atoms.

• structural formula - It can show the difference between isomers by displaying the order in which atoms are bonded together.

• three-dimensional drawing or model - It cannot show the difference between isomers as it only represents the ratio of atoms involved.

• molecular formula and structural formula - Both can be used to show differences between isomers by displaying the arrangement and order of atoms.

Write the molecular formula of alkanes having 4 carbon atoms.

• C4H12

• C4H10

• C4H8

• C4H14

What do the terms saturated and unsaturated mean when applied to hydrocarbons?

• Saturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds, while unsaturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have fewer hydrogen atoms, while unsaturated hydrocarbons have more hydrogen atoms.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have as many hydrogen atoms as possible with only single covalent bonds, while unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have more carbon atoms, while unsaturated hydrocarbons have fewer carbon atoms.

List the basic structural features that characterize alkenes.

• One or more triple bonds

• One or more double bonds

• Benzene rings

• All single bonds

Draw all condensed structural formulas that can represent C5H12.

• ethane, propane, butane

• propane, butane, pentane

• butane, pentane, hexane

• 2,2-dimethylpropane, pentane, 2-methylbutane

Give the molecular formula and name for an alkene containing seven carbon atoms.

• C7H10, aromatic hydrocarbon

• C7H12, alkyne

• C7H16, alkene

• C7H14, alkane

Which group of hydrocarbons has nomenclature very similar to alkyne nomenclature?

• Alcohols

• Alkenes

• Alkanes

• Aromatic hydrocarbons

Draw the structural formula for 2-butyne.

• CH3-CH2-CH2-C≡CH

• CH3-CH2-CH≡CH2

• CH3-CH2-CH2-CH≡CH

• CH3-CH2-C≡CH