14.3 - The Civil Rights Movement Begins

How did the NAACP mainly fight segregation?

• by encouraging violent uprisings

• by establishing African American schools

• by making threats against business owners

• by suing to overturn segregation laws

World War II contributed to the development of the civil rights movement by

• forcing the federal government to pressure states to end segregation.

• emboldening veterans who had fought for democracy abroad to fight for their own rights.

• galvanizing workers who wanted to maintain the pay they received during the war.

• promoting segregation and racially motivated violence.

Virginia senator Harry F. Byrd responded to school desegregation efforts by

• encouraging “massive resistance.”

• promoting gradual implementation.

• supporting immediate implementation.

• discouraging acts of violence.

The 1954 U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka overturned

• segregation in public schools.

• schools hiring white teachers only.

• segregation at school buses.

• elite affirmation on school admissions.

Congress primarily passed the Civil Rights Act of 1957 to

• punish Southern states.

• appease civil rights leaders.

• protect African Americans' voting rights.

• provoke Southern senators.

How did sit-ins signal a change in tactic for the civil rights movement?

• Participants rejected the philosophy of nonviolence.

• Sit-ins represented an acceleration of desegregation efforts.

• Participants first got approval from white business owners before staging sit-ins.

• Sit-ins were primarily led by senior leaders of the civil rights movement.