Higher Biology Unit 2: Metabolism and Survival Quiz

What is the primary function of metabolic pathways?

• To break down ATP into ADP + Pi

• To increase the activation energy of chemical reactions

• To integrate and control enzyme-catalysed reactions within a cell

• To prevent the synthesis of ATP

Which type of reactions build up large molecules from smaller ones and require energy?

• Hydrolytic reactions

• Oxidative reactions

• Catabolic reactions

• Anabolic reactions

What is the role of enzymes in metabolic pathways?

• To inhibit the production of ATP

• To control the rate of reaction and presence of specific enzymes

• To decrease the flexibility of metabolic pathways

• To increase the energy required for reactions

What describes the 'induced fit' model of enzyme function?

• Substrate binds irreversibly to the enzyme

• Substrate changes shape to fit the enzyme

• Enzymes are rigid and unchangeable

• Enzyme changes shape to better fit the substrate after binding

What happens when enzyme or substrate concentration is limited in a reaction?

• The rate of reaction decreases indefinitely

• The rate of reaction increases indefinitely

• All active sites are occupied

• The rate of reaction remains constant beyond a certain point

What is the effect of competitive inhibitors on enzyme activity?

• They have no effect on enzymes

• They bind at the active site, preventing substrate binding

• They bind at an allosteric site

• They increase the rate of reaction

What is the role of ATP in cellular respiration?

• To decrease the rate of glycolysis

• To act as a competitive inhibitor

• To transfer energy to cellular processes

• To break down glucose into pyruvate

During which phase of microbial growth is ATP synthesized most rapidly?

• Stationary phase

• Death phase

• Log/Exponential phase

• Lag phase

What is the main difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibitors?

• Competitive inhibitors can be reversed by increasing substrate concentration

• Non-competitive inhibitors increase the rate of reaction

• Competitive inhibitors decrease the affinity of enzymes

• Non-competitive inhibitors bind at the active site

What is the primary role of the Sodium-Potassium pump?

• To facilitate diffusion of small molecules

• To break down glucose into ATP

• To move molecules from an area of low to high concentration using ATP

• To produce water from hydrogen and oxygen