ES - Unit 3 Review

What would be the result if a biological engineer forgets to add a "terminator" molecule during gene expression?

• Gene expression would stop working about halfway through the making of the protein chain.

• The gene expression process would not start at all.

• Gene expression would not end in the proper place during the process of translation.

• The gene expression process would be fine, the terminator is not essential.

How does RNA differ from DNA?

• Having the sugar ribose in place of glucose

• Being double stranded

• Having the sugar ribose in place of deoxyribose

• Having the nitrogen base, thymine

Which scenario best describes a possible benefit of genetically modified plants?

• Adding a dye to the water source of a plant to create new colors of flowers.

• Creating a fertilizer to supply nutrients to deficient crops.

• Artificially selecting specific crops for cross pollination, ensuring genetic variability.

• Adding a pest resistant gene to a crop to reduce the need for chemical pesticides.

Which of the following laboratory procedures produces multiple copies of a specific DNA sequence?

• DNA ligation

• Transformation

• Polymerase Chain Reaction

• Gel Electrophoresis

Which protein creates DNA fragments with sticky ends?

• DNA polymerase

• DNA ligase

• restriction enzyme

• Lysozyme

Which of the following correctly describes polymerase chain reaction?

• A piece of DNA is cut with restriction enzymes into smaller pieces. DNA ligase is then used to join the pieces together.

• A restriction enzyme cuts a plasmid, and an antibiotic resistance gene is added. The plasmid is then used to transform bacteria.

• A gene is inserted into a bacterial genome. The bacteria then make the protein and pass the gene onto their offspring.

• DNA is heated to separate the strands and primers are added. DNA polymerase builds new strands between the primers making many copies.

The process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism is called?

• selective breeding.

• genetic engineering.

• inbreeding.

• hybridization.

A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources is known as?

• a mutant.

• a hybrid.

• a polyploid.

• recombinant DNA.

What is the role of primers in PCR?

• They add new nucleotides to build complementary strands of DNA based on the original template.

• They allow for the insertion of antibiotic resistance genes, so scientists can select the bacteria that have been transformed.

• They create a place for DNA polymerase to start its work building new DNA strands.

• They separate the DNA strands and hold them apart, to create room for DNA polymerase molecules.

Which of the following is made with recombinant DNA technology and helps farmers use less insecticide?

• Ht cotton

• Bt cotton

• hybridized cotton

• selectively bred cotton