Final Mitosis, meiosis and Mendelian genetics

What is the purpose of mitosis and cell division? (check all that apply)

• To prevent cell death
• To keep cells small

• To allow for growth, repair, and replacement of damaged cells
• To increase genetic diversity

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

After mitosis and cell division the two resulting daughter cells

• are genetically identical
• have half the DNA

• undergo meiosis
• have more variety in their genetic material

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What happens during prophase I in meiosis?

• Sister chromatids pair up and undergo crossing over

  leading to genetic variety

• Homologous chromosomes separate without pairing
• Homologous chromosomes pair up (synapsis) and crossing over occurs

• No genetic material exchange occurs

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the most significant difference between the events of metaphase I

and the events of metaphase II during meiosis?

• Chromosomes are condensed in metaphase I and not condensed in the metaphase II

• Homologous chromosomes vs. sister chromatids lining up at the metaphase plate
• There is a different number of chromosomes (one is haploid and one is diploid)

• Absence of spindle fibers

Big picture question - What is the main difference in why meiosis and mitosis are done?

• Meiosis is for growth and repair, while mitosis is for sexual reproduction.
• Meiosis and mitosis are both for growth and repair.
• Meiosis is only done in plants, while mitosis is only done in animals.
• Meiosis is for sexual reproduction, while mitosis is for growth and repair.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

In the process of mitosis in humans results in

• formation of two identical daughter cells
• formation of three different daughter cells
• formation of non-identical daughter cells
• no cell division

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What happens during prophase II

• Chromosomes disperse, nuclear envelope forms, spindle fibers dissolve
• Chromosomes replicate, nuclear envelope remains intact, spindle fibers disintegrate
• Chromosomes align, nuclear envelope expands, spindle fibers disperse
• Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down, spindle fibers form

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What best describes crossing-over?

• Homologous chromosomes pair and exchange parts of chromosomes

• The separation of homologous chromosomes
• The fusion of two gametes
• A process that occurs during mitosis

What is a benefit of crossing-over?

• Causes mutations

• Decreases genetic diversity

• Increases genetic diversity

• Reduces the number of offspring

When is DNA replicated?

• During prophase I

• S phase of Interphase

• G2 phase
• During meiosis