Ch. 8 (Language disorders)

What are the key characteristics of intellectual disabilities as defined by the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD)?

• IQ below 70.

• limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior.

• challenges with motor skills.

• repetitive and self-injurious behaviors.

What is a common characteristic of syntactic development in children with intellectual disabilities?

• They follow the typical developmental sequence but at a slower pace.

• They exhibit advanced syntactic structures compared to their peers.

• They do not develop syntactic skills beyond the two-word stage.

• They develop syntactic skills at the same rate as typically developing children.

Studies on the conversational skills of individuals with intellectual disabilities indicate that:

• they frequently dominate the conversation.

• they often struggle to initiate conversations.

• they are adept at maintaining the topic of conversation.

• they usually provide detailed responses.

Children with Williams Syndrome exhibit unique language characteristics compared to other children with intellectual disabilities. Which of the following is a notable feature of their language development?

• advanced use of syntax and vocabulary.

• enhanced pragmatic language skills.

• delayed speech onset.

• greater challenges in phonological processing.

What is an interrupted behavior chain?

• A sequence of behaviors that is intentionally disrupted to teach a new skill.

• A series of behaviors that occur without any interruptions.

• A method used to reinforce existing behaviors without change.

• A technique to increase the frequency of undesired behaviors.

Which of the following is a primary goal of using an interrupted behavior chain in behavior therapy?

• To decrease the occurrence of undesired behaviors.

• To teach new skills by creating opportunities for learning.

• To ensure behaviors occur in a specific order without change.

• To reinforce existing behaviors without modification.

In the context of an interrupted behavior chain, what is the role of the therapist?

• To observe without intervening.

• To disrupt the behavior chain at a strategic point to prompt a new response.

• To allow the behavior chain to complete naturally.

• To reinforce the behavior chain without any changes.

What is a common challenge faced by children with intellectual disabilities in speech production?

• Advanced vocabulary usage.

• Difficulty in articulating words clearly.

• Rapid speech rate.

• Excessive use of complex sentences.

How do speech production difficulties in children with intellectual disabilities typically compare to those in typically developing children?

• They are less frequent.

• They are equally common.

• They are more frequent.

• They do not occur.

Which of the following interventions is often used to support speech production in children with intellectual disabilities?

• Behavioral therapy.

• Speech-language therapy.

• Physical therapy.

• Occupational therapy.