Types of Rocks and Geological Processes

What is an extrusive rock?

• Rock that forms below Earth's surface and cools slowly

• Rock that forms on Earth's surface and cools quickly

• Rock that forms inside a volcano

• Rock that forms inside a river

Answer explanation

An extrusive rock is formed on Earth's surface and cools quickly, distinguishing it from intrusive rocks that form below the surface and cool slowly.

What is erosion?

• Breaking down rocks

• Moving pieces of rock to a new place

• Growing crystals

• Melting ice

Answer explanation

Erosion is the process of breaking down rocks, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

How are sedimentary rocks made?

• By melting

• By pressing together layers of sediments

• By freezing

• By growing crystals

Answer explanation

Sedimentary rocks are made by pressing together layers of sediments, not by melting, freezing, or growing crystals.

What are the three types of rocks?

• Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

• Hard, Soft, Liquid

• Big, Small, Tiny

• Shiny, Dull, Bright

Answer explanation

The three types of rocks are Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic.

What is an example of an igneous rock?

• Limestone

• Basalt

• Sandstone

• Marble

Answer explanation

Basalt is an example of an igneous rock, formed from solidified lava. It is a common volcanic rock found in many parts of the world.

How are igneous rocks made?

• By squeezing plants

• By melting and cooling magma or lava

• By water and wind

• By freezing water

Answer explanation

Igneous rocks are made by melting and cooling magma or lava, not by squeezing plants, water and wind, or freezing water.

What is soil made of?

• Only rocks

• Only plants

• A mix of tiny rock pieces, minerals, organic matter, air, and water

• Only water

Answer explanation

Soil is made of a mix of tiny rock pieces, minerals, organic matter, air, and water.

How are metamorphic rocks made?

• By heating and squeezing other rocks

• By cooling magma

• By water flowing

• By freezing water

Answer explanation

Metamorphic rocks are made by heating and squeezing other rocks, causing them to change form without melting. This process is known as metamorphism.

Why do extrusive rocks have small crystals?

• They cool down quickly on the surface

• They are made of plants

• They cool slowly below the Earth's surface

• They are formed by water

Answer explanation

Extrusive rocks have small crystals because they cool down quickly on the surface, preventing the growth of larger crystals.

What is a rock?

• A type of plant

• A liquid found underground

• Made up of one or more minerals

• A type of water

Answer explanation

A rock is made up of one or more minerals, not a type of plant, liquid, or water.