Crash Course Philosophy Ep 3

What type of reasoning allows us to predict future events based on past experiences?

• Deductive reasoning

• Inductive reasoning

• Analogical reasoning

• Abductive reasoning

Why do inductive arguments not provide certainty?

• They rely on assumptions

• They are based on probabilities

• They use flawed logic

• They are always incorrect

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CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

What is an example of an inductive argument?

• All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

• Most men in ancient Athens had beards. Socrates was a man in ancient Athens. Therefore, Socrates probably had a beard.

• All emeralds are green. This is an emerald. Therefore, it is green.

• If it rains, the ground gets wet. It is raining. Therefore, the ground is wet.

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

What does Nelson Goodman's 'grue' problem illustrate?

• The reliability of deductive reasoning

• The importance of empirical evidence

• The limitations and potential contradictions in inductive reasoning

• The certainty of inductive reasoning

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

What is abduction also known as?

• Inference to the best explanation

• Deductive reasoning

• Inductive reasoning

• Analogical reasoning

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CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Which of the following is an example of abductive reasoning?

• If it rains, the ground gets wet. It is raining. Therefore, the ground is wet.

• Most men in ancient Athens had beards. Socrates was a man in ancient Athens. Therefore, Socrates probably had a beard.

• Anna failed her physics midterm, hasn't been to class since, but has been attending a sociology class. Therefore, she probably dropped the class.

• All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Why must abduction be used carefully?

• It is based on probabilities

• It is always incorrect

• It uses only the information at hand

• It relies on assumptions

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

What is the goal of the Socratic method?

• To win an argument

• To find the truth

• To discredit the opponent

• To prove a point

Write about how the Socratic questions that surface in our administrative inquiries have helped you find truth.

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CCSS.RI.2.1

CCSS.RI.3.1

CCSS.RL.1.1

CCSS.RL.2.1

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