Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Deductive reasoning means...

• Guessing

• Ura nok seblu!

• Testing and observing patterns to make conjectures

• Making general observations of situations and applying them to specific situations.

What can be concluded from the following statements?
If Tom goes fishing then he brings a pole.
If Tom brings his pole then he catches a fish.

• If Tom goes fishing then he catches a fish.

• If Tom brings his pole then he goes fishing

•  If Tom catches a fish then he brought his pole.

• If Tom brings his pole then he catches a fish.

Which of the following statements is valid based on the given scenario?
If Jason plays basketball, then Steve sits on the bench.  
If Steve sits on the bench, then Ronald starts at center.  

• If Steve sits on the bench then Jason plays basketball.

• If Ronald starts at center then Jason plays basketball.

• If Steve sits the bench then Ronald does not start at center.

• If Jason plays basketball then Ronald starts at center.

What can be concluded from the following statements?
If Mike rakes leaves, then he bags them .
If Mike bags the leaves he then mows the lawn.

• If Mike mows the lawn then he bags the leaves.

• If Mike bags the leaves, he rakes.

• If Mike does not mow the lawn, then he did not rake the leaves.

• If Mike mows the lawn then he bags the leaves.

__________________________ uses specific observations to make generalizations.

• Deductive reasoning

• Inductive reasoning

All even numbers are divisible by 2
AND 28 is even
THEN 28 is divisible by 2

• Inductive

• Deductive

An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
AND Joe ate an apple every day.
THEN Dr. Dre stayed away.

• Inductive

• Deductive

Snakes are reptiles and reptiles are cold blooded; therefore, snakes are cold blooded. 

• Deductive

• Inductive 

It is dangerous to drive on icy streets.  The streets are icy now so it is dangerous to drive now. 

• Deductive

• Inductive

All bears are mammals, all mammals have kidneys; therefore all bears have kidneys. 

• Deductive

• Inductive