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What is the most common graph for structural design testing?

• Flowchart

• Decision Tree

• Call Graph

• Sequence Diagram

What is the purpose of inheritance in object-oriented programming?

• To define interfaces

• To establish parent-child relationships

• To reuse code

• To create new classes

What is the main challenge in applying data flow criteria to def-use pairs between units?

• High cost

• Too many possibilities

• Complex syntax

• Lack of tools

What is the difference between declared type and actual type in object-oriented programming?

• Declared type is used in declaration, actual type is used in assignment

• Declared type is the parent class, actual type is the child class

• Declared type is assigned at runtime, actual type is declared in code

• Declared type is static, actual type is dynamic

What is the purpose of inter-procedural DU pairs in software testing?

• To consider the first uses inside units and after calls

• To handle transitive DU pairs efficiently

• To focus on the interface and relevant data flow paths

• To identify the last definitions of variables before calls and returns

What is the main challenge in applying data flow testing to distributed software?

• Inefficient use of global variables

• Complex data flow connections

• Lack of inheritance hierarchies

• Limited message passing mechanisms

What is the primary advantage of using call graphs for integration tests?

• Visual representation

• Effective coverage

• Easy computation

• Dynamic binding

Why are indirect coupling data flow testing methods not widely used?

• Limited tool availability

• Complex syntax

• Lack of research

• High analysis cost

What is the purpose of OO Object Call Coverage in software testing?

• To create objects for each class

• To ensure coverage of reachable nodes in call graphs

• To apply call coverage to each object

• To analyze data flow at the design level

What is the main focus of testers when software becomes complicated?

• Inheritance hierarchies

• Data flow couplings

• Dynamic binding

• Control flow couplings