What is the primary cause of cystic fibrosis?

• Mutation in the KRAS gene

• Mutation in the TP53 gene

• Mutation in the EGFR gene

• Mutation in the CFTR gene

Which gene mutations are often found in lung cancers and may be more prevalent in CF patients with lung cancer?

• TP53

• KRAS

• EGFR

• CFTR

What is the function of the TP53 gene in the context of cancer?

• Suppressing tumor growth

• Disrupting cell cycle regulation

• Activating oncogenic signaling pathways

• Promoting cell proliferation

Which molecular biology technique is used to detect specific DNA sequences or gene rearrangements in chromosomes?

• Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

• Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)

• Sanger Sequencing

• Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

What is the impact of CFTR gene mutation in the lungs?

• Activating oncogenic signaling pathways

• Promoting cell proliferation

• Disrupting cell cycle regulation

• Leading to thick, sticky mucus

Which gene rearrangements result in the production of fusion proteins with constitutive kinase activity?

• EGFR

• ALK

• KRAS

• TP53

What is the main function of ALK gene rearrangements in lung cancer development?

• Activating oncogenic signaling pathways

• Driving cell growth and division

• Promoting cell proliferation

• Suppressing tumor growth

Which technique is used for detecting and quantifying gene mutations, gene expression levels, and viral loads in cancer diagnostics?

• Quantitative PCR (qPCR)

• Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)

• Liquid Biopsy

• Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA)

What is the role of EGFR mutations in lung cancer development?

• Promoting cell proliferation

• Suppressing tumor growth

• Driving tumorigenesis

• Disrupting cell cycle regulation

Which gene mutations can lead to chronic lung infections and inflammation in cystic fibrosis?

• EGFR

• KRAS

• CFTR

• TP53