AS Utilitarianism Key Terms

What is Act Utilitarianism associated with?

• John Stuart Mill

• Jeremy Bentham

• Immanuel Kant

• Aristotle

Answer explanation

Act Utilitarianism is associated with Jeremy Bentham, who is considered the founder of this ethical theory.

What does animal experimentation seek to control?

• Human behavior

• Variables affecting the biological system under study

• Economic factors

• Social interactions

Answer explanation

Animal experimentation seeks to control variables affecting the biological system under study, not human behavior, economic factors, or social interactions.

Who developed the theory known as Act Utilitarianism?

• John Stuart Mill

• Immanuel Kant

• Jeremy Bentham

• Aristotle

Answer explanation

Jeremy Bentham developed the theory known as Act Utilitarianism.

What term is used by Utilitarians to describe pleasure which is 'good'?

• Joy

• Contentment

• Happiness

• Satisfaction

Answer explanation

Utilitarians use the term 'Happiness' to describe pleasure which is 'good'.

Who created the harm principle?

• Jeremy Bentham

• John Stuart Mill

• Immanuel Kant

• Aristotle

Answer explanation

John Stuart Mill created the harm principle.

What is the purpose of the harm principle?

• To promote happiness

• To prevent harm to others

• To encourage moral behavior

• To increase wealth

Answer explanation

The purpose of the harm principle is to prevent harm to others, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

What is the hedonic calculus used for?

• Measuring wealth

• Measuring pleasure

• Measuring intelligence

• Measuring strength

Answer explanation

The hedonic calculus is used for measuring pleasure, not wealth, intelligence, or strength.

Which of the following is NOT a criterion in Bentham's hedonic calculus?

• Certainty

• Duration

• Intensity

• Wealth

Answer explanation

Wealth is NOT a criterion in Bentham's hedonic calculus, the criteria are Certainty, Duration, and Intensity.

What are higher pleasures according to J.S. Mill?

• Pleasures of the body

• Intellectual pursuits and spiritual reflection

• Material wealth

• Physical activities

Answer explanation

According to J.S. Mill, higher pleasures are intellectual pursuits and spiritual reflection.

What are lower pleasures according to J.S. Mill?

• Pleasures of the mind

• Pleasures of the body

• Pleasures of the soul

• Pleasures of the spirit

Answer explanation

According to J.S. Mill, lower pleasures are pleasures of the body.