AP Textbook Africa 600-1450

What was a significant factor that restricted travel across the Sahara around 300 B.C.E.?

• Lack of navigational tools

• Scarcity of water

• Hostile tribes

• Dense forests

Which animals are depicted in the early Saharan artwork?

• Lions and tigers

• Elephants and giraffes

• Bears and wolves

• Kangaroos and koalas

What is the significance of the camel in Saharan history according to the text?

• It was used for drawing chariots

• It allowed for the spread of cattle domestication

• It enabled trans-Saharan trade and communication

• It was a symbol of Roman influence

What does the text suggest about the arrival of domestic camels in the Sahara?

• They were native to the Sahara

• They were brought by the Romans

• They were introduced by the Tuareg people

• They were probably brought by way of Egypt in the first millennium B.C.E.

What was the primary focus of southern traders in the trade across the Sahara?

• Supplying salt from large deposits in the southern desert

• Trading gold from the northern regions

• Importing spices from the Indian Ocean

• Trading silk from the Silk Road

What role did middlemen from the Sahel play in the trade across the Sahara?

• They were the primary producers of goods

• They facilitated the exchange of goods between different regions

• They were responsible for transporting goods across the desert

• They provided security for the traders

What geographic obstacles impede access to and movement within sub-Saharan Africa?

• The Sahara, the Atlantic and Indian Oceans, and the Red Sea

• The Nile River and the Mediterranean Sea

• The Great Rift Valley and the Congo Basin

• The Kalahari Desert and the Zambezi River

Why was the South Arabian saddle militarily inefficient?

• It was too heavy to carry.

• The rider knelt on the cushion behind the camel's hump.

• It was made of fragile materials.

• It was difficult to attach to the camel.

Why could the excellent war saddles from the southern Sahara not be used for baggage?

• They were too small.

• They did not offer a convenient place to tie bundles.

• They were too expensive.

• They were reserved for military use only.

What did Arabs in northern Arabia use the North Arabian saddles for?

• To display wealth and status

• To take control of the caravan trade through their lands

• To perform religious rituals

• To train young camels