HPL06

Generally, the time required for dark adaptation is..

• 10 min.
• 1/10 sec.
• 10 sec.
• 30 min.

Accommodation is the...

• ability of the eye to alter its focal length.
• capacity of the eye to resolve detail.
• bending of light when it moves from one medium into another.
• perception by the brain from nerve inputs originating in the fovea.

Empty field myopia is caused by…

• a lack of distant focal points.
• ozone at altitude.
• atmospheric perspective.
• flying over mountainous terrain.

What illusion can you expect when landing on a larger runway than you are used to?

• You flare too low.
• You flare too high.
• You land short.
• You undershoot the runway.

Presbyopia..

• is partial visual loss due to pressure changes in the eye.
• is common over the age of 50.
• is caused by long-termed exposure to stimuli over 90 dB.
• is usually treated by surgical replacement of the lens and is compatible with flying.

When the optical image forms in front of the retina the person is considered to be..

• unable to focus on near objects.
• suffering from cataracts.
• long-sighted.
• short-sighted.

Which of the following options is one of the difference between cones and rods in the eye?

• Most of the rods are in the fovea and most cones are in the outside area.
• Rods have high visual acuity while cones observe colours.
• Cones are more sensitive to colours than rods.
• Cones are more sensitive to light than rods.

How can a pilot prevent Empty Field Myopia?

• By maintaining a constant instrument scan and trusting the indications.
• By wearing their corrective lenses.
• By scanning the sky for other aircraft.
• By deliberately focusing on a distant object such as a cloud edge or a wingtip.

One illusion that pilots experience in conditions of fog or mist are that objects appear to be..

• closer than they really are and this can lead to shallow approaches.
• further away than they really are and this can lead to shallow approaches.
• closer than they really are and this can lead to steep approaches.
• further away than they really are and this can lead to steep approaches.

Compared with day operations, what differences should a pilot adopt when seeking to identify a possible collision threat at night?

• Spend twice as much time with the eyes remaining still during each saccade of the lookout scan.
• Move the eyes in small arcs to induce a moving image on the retina for the rods to identify.
• Focus on the instrument panel to allow the rods to identify objects outside.
• Cover one eye to avoid being affected by the “blind spot”.