Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Select characteristics exhibited by endotoxin, but not exhibited by exotoxins.

• Heat-stable

• Composed of lipopolysaccharide

• Fever-inducing

• Require very small doses to cause toxic effects

• Secreted from a living cell

Which terminology is not used to describe members of the resident biota?

• Pathogenic biota

• Normal biota

• Indigenous biota

• Version 1

Resident biota are found in/on the ________.

• skin

• mouth

• nasal passages

• large intestine

• All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following is not a virulence factor?

• capsules

• ribosomes

• exoenzymes

• endotoxins

Exotoxins are _______.

• proteins

• only released after a cell is damaged or lysed

• antiphagocytic factors

• secretion that always target nervous tissue

Enterotoxins are _______.

• virulence factors

• toxins that target the intestines

• proteins

• exotoxins

Exotoxins _______.

• are secreted by pathogenic organisms

• are bound to the membrane of pathogenic organisms

• are bound to the cell wall of pathogenic organisms

• cause more damage than endotoxins

_______ are toxins that are the lipopolysaccharide of the outer membrane of gram-negative cell walls.

• Exotoxins

• Endotoxins

• Enterotoxins

• Leukocidins

The time from when a pathogen first enters the body and begins to multiply, until symptoms first appear is the _______.

• prodromal stage

• convalescent stage

• incubation period

• acute phase

• None of the choices are correct.

The primary, natural habitat of a pathogen where it continues to exist is called the _______.

• fomite

• carrier

• vector

• reservoir

• source