GCSE Edexcel B Topic 4 Quiz

What is longshore drift?

• The movement of sediment along the coast by wave action.

• The vertical movement of water caused by tides.

• The deposition of sediment in a river.

• The process of cliff collapse.

Name two types of coastal erosion.

• Deposition and transportation.

• Hydraulic action and abrasion.

• Attrition and solution.

• Weathering and mass movement.

What is a spit and how is it formed?

• A narrow beach made from shingle, formed by high tides.

• An extended stretch of beach material that projects out to sea and is formed by longshore drift.

• A sandbank formed by wave action in shallow water.

• A cliff formed by erosion and weathering.

Explain the formation of a coastal stack.

• When an arch collapses due to erosion and weathering, leaving a tall, isolated pillar of rock.

• When sediment accumulates to form a hill.

• When a spit becomes fully submerged.

• When a wave-cut platform is uplifted.

What is the difference between constructive and destructive waves?

• Constructive waves have a high frequency, while destructive waves have a low frequency.

• Constructive waves build up beaches by depositing material, while destructive waves erode the coastline by removing material.

• Constructive waves occur only during storms, while destructive waves are calm.

• Constructive waves are formed by wind, while destructive waves are formed by currents.

Describe the process of wave-cut platform formation.

• By the deposition of sediment in shallow water.

• By the accumulation of beach material over time.

• When waves erode the base of a cliff, creating a notch that eventually collapses, leaving a flat area at the base.

• When tectonic activity lifts the seabed.

What is managed retreat?

• Building sea walls to protect the coast.

• Allowing certain areas of the coast to erode and flood naturally.

• Constructing groynes to trap sediment.

• Planting vegetation to stabilize dunes.

Name two hard engineering coastal management techniques.

• Beach nourishment and sand dune stabilization.

• Sea walls and groynes.

• Afforestation and floodplain zoning.

• Managed retreat and beach recycling.

What is beach nourishment?

What role do coastal sand dunes play in protecting the coastline?

• They act as natural barriers against the sea, absorbing wave energy and preventing erosion.

• They trap sediment and prevent longshore drift.

• They increase tidal range and reduce storm surges.

• They create habitats for marine life.