Lopez- AP© Psychology Vocabulary List 1 2025

thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, appraises the source, discerns hidden biases, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions

• critical thinking

• empiricism

• structuralism

• introspection

the idea that knowledge comes from experience, and that observation and experimentation enable scientific knowledge

• critical thinking

• empiricism

• structuralism

• introspection

an early school of thought promoted by Wundt and Titchener; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind

• critical thinking

• empiricism

• structuralism

• introspection

the process of looking inward in an attempt to directly observe one's own psychological processes

• critical thinking

• empiricism

• structuralism

• introspection

an early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function—how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish

• functionalism

• behaviorism

• humanistic psychology

• cognitive psychology

the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).

• functionalism

• behaviorism

• humanistic psychology

• cognitive psychology

a historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential

• functionalism

• behaviorism

• humanistic psychology

• cognitive psychology

the study of mental processes, such as occur when we perceive, learn, remember, think, communicate, and solve problems

• functionalism

• behaviorism

• humanistic psychology

• cognitive psychology

the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language)

• cognitive neuroscience

• psychology

• nature-nurture issue

• natural selection

the science of behavior and mental processes

• cognitive neuroscience

• psychology

• nature-nurture issue

• natural selection