pelvic lymph node dissection

Approximately what percentage of patients with bladder cancer present with muscle invasive disease

• 10%

• 20%

• 30%

• 40%

Despite normal pre-operative imaging, approximately what percentage of muscle invasive bladder cancer patients have positive lymph nodes at time of PLND?

• 8%

• 15%

• 25%

• 40%

With regards to TNM staging, N3 refers to what in bladder cancer nodal staging?

• multiple lymph node metastases in the true pelvis

• a single lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis

• lymph node metastases proximal to the common iliac vessels

• common iliac lymph node metastases

Which of the following lymph node packets are included in the "true pelvis"?

• peri-vesical

• obturator

• internal iliac

• external iliac

• sacral

Which of the following images demonstrates a standard pelvic lymph node dissection template?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Per AUA guidelines, when performing an RC and pelvic lymph node dissection for MIBC, which of the following lymph nodes should be collected at a minimum?

• internal iliac

• external iliac

• obturator

• sacral

TF: When comparing lymph node yields (number of nodes) in the open vs robotic approach for RC + PLND, there has been no demonstrated difference in approach

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

two randomized controlled trials of minimally-invasive versus open RC, CORAL and RAZOR, found no difference in lymph node yield between approaches

According to the literature, approximately how much additional operative time is added when performing an extended bilateral pelvic lymph node vs a limited bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection?

• 15 minutes

• 30 minutes

• 1 hour

• 2 hours