Virus vs Bacteria

What do viruses need to reproduce?

• Genetic material

• A host cell

• Bacteria

• Insulin

Answer explanation

Viruses need a host cell to reproduce.

What helps prevent viral diseases?

• Vaccines

• Antibiotics

• Herbal tea

• Gene Therapy

Answer explanation

Vaccines help prevent viral diseases by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies that can fight off the virus.

Bacteria are an example of a _________ cell.

• Eukaryotic

• Prokaryotic

• animal

• plant

Answer explanation

Bacteria are prokaryotic cells, not eukaryotic, animal, or plant cells.

Is this a picture of a bacteria or a virus?

• Bacteria

• Virus

Answer explanation

This is a picture of a virus. It is not a bacteria.

Viruses have structures that allow them to inject their genetic material directly into the DNA of the host cell. This strategy benefits the virus in that

• the host cell is turned into a virus.

• mutations are introduced into the host cell.

• it is able to transform into a host cell.

• the virus uses the host’s machinery to replicate.

Answer explanation

Viruses inject their genetic material into the host cell's DNA to use the host's machinery for replication.

A bacteriophage virus causes infection in bacteria by injecting which of the following?

• DNA

• Hormones

• Proteins

• Lipids

Answer explanation

A bacteriophage virus causes infection in bacteria by injecting DNA, not hormones, proteins, or lipids. DNA is the correct choice because it carries the genetic material that allows the virus to replicate inside the host bacteria.

Which of the following characteristics is shared by viruses and living cells? Both viruses and living cells –

• have a nucleus, as well as a cell wall.

• contain nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA

• can replicate independently of a host cell.

• use organelles to perform life functions.

Answer explanation

Both viruses and living cells contain nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA, which is a shared characteristic.

All of the following are steps in the process of viral replication EXCEPT –

• the virus incorporates its genetic material into host DNA

• the virus uses host cell to assemble more virus particles.

• the host cell replicates viral genetic material with its own.

• the host cell generates antibodies to a viral infestation.

Answer explanation

Viral replication involves incorporating genetic material into host DNA, using host cell to assemble more virus particles, and replicating viral genetic material. The host cell does not generate antibodies to a viral infestation.

Where can you find DNA (genetic material) inside a prokaryote?

• Nucleus

• Free Floating

• Mitochondria

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer explanation

DNA (genetic material) can be found free floating inside a prokaryote. It is not located in the nucleus, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum.

What type of cells contain a nucleus?

• bacterial cells

• virus cells

• prokaryotic cells

• eukaryotic cells

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2