0.1 Quiz

Which of the following best describes confirmation bias in research?

• The tendency to seek out information that contradicts one's beliefs.

• The tendency to interpret new evidence as confirmation of one's existing beliefs or theories.

• The tendency to rely on empirical evidence over anecdotal evidence.

• The tendency to change one's hypothesis based on peer review feedback.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

How can hindsight bias affect the interpretation of research findings?

• It leads researchers to overestimate the predictability of an event after it has occurred.

• It causes researchers to ignore empirical evidence.

• It encourages researchers to replicate studies.

• It ensures the reliability of the study.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates overconfidence in decision making?

• A researcher who doubts their hypothesis and seeks additional data.

• A researcher who is certain their hypothesis is correct despite conflicting evidence.

• A researcher who relies solely on peer-reviewed articles.

• A researcher who changes their hypothesis based on new data.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the role of empirical evidence in psychological research?

• To provide anecdotal support for theories.

• To offer subjective interpretations of data.

• To provide objective and measurable data to support or refute a hypothesis.

• To ensure the research is published in a peer-reviewed journal.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Why is peer review important in psychological research?

• It ensures that the research is based on anecdotal evidence.

• It allows researchers to publish their findings without scrutiny.

• It helps validate the research by having other experts evaluate the methodology and findings.

• It guarantees that the research will be accepted by the American Psychological Association (APA).

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following best differentiates validity from reliability in psychological studies?

• Validity refers to the consistency of a measure, while reliability refers to the accuracy of a measure.

• Validity refers to the accuracy of a measure, while reliability refers to the consistency of a measure.

• Validity and reliability both refer to the accuracy of a measure.

• Validity and reliability both refer to the consistency of a measure.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following is an example of confirmation bias in research?

• A researcher changes their hypothesis after receiving peer review feedback.

• A researcher only cites studies that support their hypothesis and ignores studies that contradict it.

• A researcher uses empirical evidence to support their hypothesis.

• A researcher replicates a study to verify its findings.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

How can researchers minimize the impact of hindsight bias in their studies?

• By relying solely on anecdotal evidence.

• By ensuring their hypothesis is not falsifiable.

• By documenting their predictions and methods before conducting the study.

• By avoiding the use of empirical evidence.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is a common consequence of overconfidence in decision making within psychological research?

• Increased likelihood of peer review acceptance.

• Greater accuracy in research findings.

• Ignoring contradictory evidence and potential errors in the study.

• Enhanced reliability and validity of the study.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Why is empirical evidence crucial in the scientific method?

• It allows researchers to make subjective interpretations.

• It provides a basis for forming hypotheses that are not falsifiable.

• It ensures that findings are based on observable and measurable data.

• It guarantees the publication of research in peer-reviewed journals.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept