Chapter 2 Lesson 2

. Examples of variables include marital status, country of residence, race, education, and favorite foods.

• True

• False

Most of the events that occur in our lives have only one cause.

• True

• False

Research methods can be divided into two categories: quantitative and qualitative.

• True

• False

Causation is the belief that events occur in random, unpredictable ways.

• True

• False

To determine a causal relationship all other potential causal factors considered and recognized and included or eliminated.

• True

• False

Research can be divided into two broad categories:

• A. surveys and questionnaires.

• B. quantitative and qualitative.

• C. populations and samples.

• D. case studies and interviews.

Assume that a researcher has determined that the more hours a student works at a job, the lower his grades in school will be. This is an example of a

• A. false hypothesis.

• B. positive correlation.

• C. negative correlation.

• D. secondary analysis.

Which of the following is true concerning causation?

• A. Causation always exists if two variables are correlated.

• B. Most events have a single cause.

• C. Most events have multiple causes.

• D. The concept of causation states that events occur in unpredictable, random ways.

Which of the following is a standard for showing causation?

• A. The dependent variable changes before the independent variable changes.

• B. Two variables are not correlated.

• C. Only one factor must be taken into account.

• D. Empirical evidence must be collected.

Which of the following is an example of a spurious correlation?

• A. Rising poverty rates correlate to rising crime rates.

• B. People with long arms also have long legs.

• C. Eating a balanced diet keeps you healthy.

• D. Studying more usually leads to better grades.