31-08-24-MU_OOAD_Basics_Unit_1

What is encapsulation in object-oriented programming?

• Encapsulation is the process of breaking down a class into smaller parts for easier management.

• Encapsulation in object-oriented programming is the bundling of data (attributes) and methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit or class. It allows for data hiding and abstraction, where the internal workings of a class are hidden from the outside world.

• Encapsulation refers to the process of converting data into a format that can be easily stored and retrieved.

• Encapsulation is a term used to describe the process of converting objects into primitive data types.

Explain the concept of abstraction in OOP.

• Abstraction in OOP refers to the concept of hiding the complex implementation details and showing only the necessary features of an object.

• Abstraction in OOP involves showing unnecessary features of an object.

• Abstraction refers to the concept of directly accessing complex implementation details of an object.

• Abstraction is the process of exposing all implementation details of an object.

How does inheritance promote code reusability?

• By allowing subclasses to inherit attributes and methods from a superclass.

• By limiting the access of subclasses to superclass attributes.

• By forcing subclasses to rewrite all methods from scratch.

• By introducing unnecessary complexity in the code structure.

Define polymorphism and provide an example.

• An example of polymorphism is when a Dog class inherits from a Cat class.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. For example, a superclass Animal can have subclasses like Dog and Cat. A method speak() in Animal can be overridden in Dog and Cat classes to produce different sounds.

• Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms, but it only works within the same class.

• Polymorphism is a feature that allows objects of the same class to be treated as objects of different classes.

What is the purpose of UML diagrams in OOAD?

• UML diagrams are used for creating animations in OOAD.

• UML diagrams are designed to confuse developers in OOAD.

• UML diagrams help in visually representing the system's structure, behavior, and interactions in OOAD.

• UML diagrams are used for generating code automatically in OOAD.

Explain the difference between use case and class diagrams.

• Use case diagrams are used for testing, while class diagrams are used for debugging

• Use case diagrams focus on system design, while class diagrams focus on user interface

• Use case diagrams represent data flow, while class diagrams represent control flow

• Use case diagrams focus on system functionality and interactions, while class diagrams focus on system structure and static relationships.

How do you identify actors in a use case analysis?

• Identify the latest fashion trends for the actors

• Identify the weather conditions during the analysis

• Identify the color scheme used in the analysis

• Identify individuals or systems that interact with the system being analyzed.

Full form of UML in context of OOAD?

• Universal Modelling Language

• Unified Memory Language

• Unified Modeling Language

• Visual model Learning

Describe the relationship between classes in a UML diagram.

• Classes in a UML diagram are linked by physical proximity

• Classes in a UML diagram have no relationship with each other

• Classes in a UML diagram are connected through email communication

• Classes in a UML diagram are connected through various types of relationships such as inheritance, association, aggregation, and composition.

How can polymorphism be achieved in Java?

• Polymorphism in Java is not supported.

• Polymorphism in Java can be achieved by using static methods.

• Polymorphism in Java is achieved through inheritance only.

• Polymorphism in Java can be achieved through method overriding and method overloading.